530 MAGPIE—MALLEMUCK 
MAGPIE is far more commonly applied to the latter, beside 
being used in combination as MAGPIE-LARK (GRALLINA), -ROBIN, 
-SHRIKE, and so on for many birds whose plumage is characterized 
by black and white. 
MAINA (Hindi), MINOR and MYNAH, see GRACKLE. 
MAIZE-BIRD, a local name for Agelxus pheniceus, often called 
the Red-winged Blackbird, and in Canada the Field-officer, one of 
the commonest and best known of the Icteridx (ICTERUS). 
MALEO, seé MEGAPODE. 
MALKOHA, according to J. R. Forster (Zool. Ind. 1781, p. 16) 
the Cingalese name of the Cuckow now known as Phenicophaes 
pyrrhocephalus (see page 125), a species peculiar to Ceylon; but a 
name used by Jerdon (B. Ind. i. pp. 345, 346) and other Anglo- 
Indian ornithologists for birds belonging to allied forms such as 
Zanclostoma, Rhopodytes (cf. Shelley, Cat. Bb. Br. Mus. xix. 384) 
and others. 
MALLARD, French Malart, the male of the common Wild Duck 
and its domesticated races. 
MALLEE-BIRD, a name given to Lipoa ocellata (MEGAPODE). 
MALLEMUCK, from the German rendering of the Dutch 
Mallemugge (which originally meant small flies or midges that madly 
whirl round a light), a name given by the early Dutch Arctic 
voyagers to the FuLMAR,! of which the English form is nowadays 
most commonly applied by our sailors to the smaller kinds of 
ALBATROS, about as big as a Goose, met with in the Southern 
Ocean — corrupted into ‘ Molly-mawk,” or otherwise modified.” 
There is some difference of opinion as to the number of 
species, and it is unfortunate that the results of the voyage of the 
‘Challenger’ do not clear up the doubts that have been expressed. 
Three have been described and figured, the Diomedea melanophrys 
and D. chlororhynchus for a long while, while the third, D. culminata, 
was discriminated by Gould (Proc. Zool. Soc. 1843, p. 107), who 
1 The correct German form, as originally given by Friderich Martens 
(Spitzbergische oder Groenlandische Reise Beschreibung, Hamburg: 1675, 4to, 
p- 68), is Mallemucke. The anonymous translation of this voyage, under the title 
of An Account of several late Voyages and Discoveries to the South and North, 
published in London in 1694 (p. 93), was probably the means of the name 
becoming known to Ray, in whose Synopsis methodica Aviwm, published in 1718, 
it appears (p. 180) as Mallemuck, and thereafter kept its place in English 
ornithological works. 
2 The application is of some standing and not confined to our own country- 
men, for it was mentioned in 1764 by Briinnich (Orn. Boreal. p. 31, note). 
