MUSCULAR SYSTEM 617 
phastidx, Indicatoride, Bucconide, Capitonide and Galbulide. The 
fourth toe being turned backwards behaves like a hallux and 
receives a tendon from the flex. hallucis, but this cannot be the only 
reason, since the Cuculidx and Psittaci are also zygodactyl, but 
possess an ambiens, and belong to type I. 
VII. Tendons A and P are entirely disconnected, owing to the 
IV Vea 
vUUy 
KEL AL 
VIII IX xX XI oo 
AA AWA 
iv iii ii 
DIAGRAMS SHEWING ARRANGEMENT OF TENDONS OF THE Foor. 
A, Tendon of the anterior portion (m. flexor perforans). P, Tendon of the posterior portion (m. 
flexor hallucis. The toes are numbered i. ii. iii. iv. 
I-VIII, The types numbered according to Garrod, Gadow and Fiirbringer. I, Gallus ; IT, 
Apteryx ; III, Falconide ; IV, Rhea; Va, Cypselus; Vb, Momotus; Ve, Trochilus; V4, 
Upupa and Irrisor; VI, Picus ; VII, Oscines ; VIII, Harpactes duvauceli ; IX, Dacelo gigas ; 
X, Heliornis surinamensis ; XI, Pandion; XII, Cuculi. 
(Ve, VIII, IX, after preparations in Mus. R. Coll. Surg. ; X, after Beddard.) 
loss of the vinculum. Tendon A goes to ii. iii. and iv. ; Tendon 
P only to the hallux, which is always well developed and the only 
posterior toe. This type is the most differentiated and also the 
simplest. Morphologically therefore it is the highest. It exists in 
all the Passeres, except Eurylenidx, and in some Herodit. 
