650 ODONTORNITHES 
Geol. Soc. xxxii. p. 496) referred Hesperornis to the “ Natatores.” 
In 1881, M. Dollo (Bull. sc. Départ. dw Nord, ser. 2, iv. p. 300) pro- 
Fig. 2.--MANDIBLE OF HESPERORNIS. (As before, after Marsh.) 
nounced it to be ‘‘une autruche carnivore aquatique.” This notion 
was popularized in 1884 by Prof. Wiedersheim (Biolog. Centralbl. 
ii. p. 690), while Prof. Dames in the same year (Palexontol. Abhandl. 
ii. pt. 3) took niuch the same view, as did also (though in a different 
Fig. 3.—STerRNAL APPARATUS OF HespErornis. (As before, after Marsh.) 
e coracoid ; f, furcula; h, humerus; s, scapula; st. sternum. 
fashion) an author in the Encyclopedia Britannica (ed. 9, xviii. pp. 
43, 44), and Prof. von Zittel (Handb. Palexozool. Abth. I, iii. 
pp. 826, 834). Almost simultaneously, however, Prof. Vetter 
(Festschr. der Ges. Isis in Dresden, 1885, p. 109) explained Hesper- 
Fig. 4.—PrEtvis oF HEespERORNIS. (As before, after Marsh.) 
a, acetabulum ; il. ilium ; is. ischium ; », pectineal process ; p’, os pubis. 
ornis as a Carinate Bird, exclusively adapted to aquatic life, and 
having no affinity to the Ratitx, though since he regarded these last 
as reduced Carinatx its mutual relation to the Ratite was obvious, 
and people began to confound them, speaking almost in M. Dollo’s 
