OLIVE—ORA NGE-BIRD 655 
OLIVE, a local name of the OYSTER-CATCHER, and apparently 
a corruption of OLAF, which is said also to be used (Christy, 
B. Essex, p. 238), and if so the word should be more properly spelt 
Olave, that being the English form of the sainted Danish king’s 
name. (Cf. KNot, said to be from Cnut.) 
OLPH (see ALP and Nope), with the prefix “Blood” a local 
name of the BULLFINCH, with that of ‘‘Green” of the GREENFINCH. 
OMBRE or OMBRETTE, see HAMMER-HEAD. 
O-O (variously spelt), the name given in the Sandwich Islands 
to birds of the genus Acrulocercus (Mohoa of some writers), one of 
the Meliphagide (HONEY-SUCKER), of which 4 species, inhabiting as 
many islands, have been described. The yellow axillary tufts of 
one of them, A. nobilis, peculiar to Hawaii, have been greatly 
sought for the beautiful featherwork of the natives since the Mamo! 
(DREPANIS) became rare. 
OPEN-BILL (French Bec-owvert), one of the names” given to 
birds of the genus <Anastomus, 
allied if not- actually belonging 
to the Ciconiide (Stork), but by 
some® regarded as constituting a 
distinct Family. Two species 
have long been known—one In- 
dian, parti-coloured, 4. oscitans, 
pondicerianus or coromandelianus; the other African and dark 
coloured, 4. lamelligerus, so called from the curious flattening 
and broadening into shining horny-plates of its feather-shafts, 
especially on the lower parts. In 1880, Prof. Alphonse Milne- 
Edwards described the form inhabiting Madagascar as distinct, 
A. madagascariensis, It differs chiefly from the African in its 
smaller size, and the deeper grooving of the bill. 
OPISTHOCOMUS, see Hoactrzin. 
ORANGE-BIRD, a name in Jamaica for Spindalis (properly 
Spindasis) nigricephala, wrongly identified by Gosse (B. Jam. p. 251) 
with the Fringilla zena of Linnus (which proves to be peculiar to 
Bahama), one of the TANAGERS, and so-called, says the former, 
“from the resemblance of its plump and glowing breast to that 
Britt or ANasTomMus. (After Swainson.) 
1 At pages 166 and 225 this species was mentioned as extinct: an example, 
however, was obtained in 1892, and its remains are in Mr, Rothschild’s collec- 
tion, } 
2 Others, and more recent, are Shell-eater, Shell-Ibis, and Snail-eater, of 
which the first two are incorrect, and the latter far from distinctive, though these 
birds feed chiefly on mollusks of the genera Ampullaria and Unio. 
3 Of. Garney in Andersson’s B. Damara Land, p. 283; Oates in Hume's 
Nests and Eggs Ind. B. ed. 2, iii. p. 224. 
