PUDDING-POKE—P UF F-BIRD 749 
or demon), a name of the NIGHTJAR, and also of the disorder in 
the udders of cattle that it has been said to cause. 
PUDDING-POKE, 1.c. Pudding-bag, properly the nest of the 
Long-tailed TITMOUSE ; but in common use transferred to the bird 
itself. 
PUFF-BIRD, the name first given, according to Swainson (Zool. 
Illustr. ser. 1, ii. text to pl. 99), by English residents in Brazil 
to a group known to ornithologists as forming the restricted Family 
Bucconidx, but for a long time confounded, under the general name 
of BARBETS, with the Capitonidx of modern systematists, who regard 
the two Families as differing very considerably from one another. 
Some authors have used the generic name Capito in a sense pre- 
cisely opposite to that which is now commonly accorded to it, and the 
natural result has been to produce one of the most complex of the 
many nomenclatural puzzles that beset Ornithology. Fortunately 
there is no need here to enter upon this matter, for each group 
has formed the subject of an elaborate work—the Capitonidx being 
treated as before stated (p. 27) by the Messrs. Marshall, and the 
Bucconide by Mr. Sclater1—-in each of which volumes the origin 
of the confusion has been explained, and to either of them the 
more curious reader may be confidently referred. The Bucconidx 
are zygodactylous Birds belonging to the large heterogeneous 
assemblage in the present work called PICARL#, and are commonly 
considered nowadays to be most nearly allied to the Galbulidx 
(JacAMAR). Like them they are confined to the Neotropical 
Region, in the middle parts of which, and especially in its 
Sub-Andean Subregion, the Puff-birds are, as regards species, 
abundant; while only two seem to reach Guatemala and but one 
Paraguay. As with most South-American Birds, the habits and 
natural history of the Bucconidy have been but little studied, and 
of only one species, which happens to belong to a rather abnormal 
genus, has the nidification been described. This is the Chelidoptera 
tenebrosa, which is said to breed in holes in banks, and to lay white 
eges much like those of the Kingfisher and consequently those 
of the ‘Jacamars. From his own observation Swainson writes 
(Joc. cit.) that Puff-birds are very grotesque in appearance. They 
will sit nearly motionless for hours on the dead bough of a 
tree, and while so sitting “the disproportionate size of the 
head is rendered more conspicuous by the bird raising its feathers 
so as to appear not unlike a puff ball. . . . When frightened their 
form is suddenly changed by the feathers lying quite flat.” They 
are very confiding birds and will often station themselves a few 
yards only from a window. The Bucconide almost without ex- 
1 4 Monograph of the Jacamars and Puff-birds, or Families Galbulide and 
Bucconide. London: 1879-82, 4to. 
