SANDERLING 803 
Morocco to Egypt, and thence across Asia to north-eastern China, 
being highly esteemed by the falconers of that tract of country, as 
well as by those of India, to whom it is known as the Cherrug, 
though it there occurs only as a cold-weather visitant (¢f. Jerdon, 
Ibis, 1871, pp. 238-240), its place as a native being taken by its 
smaller relative the LUGGAR, which it a good deal resembles in its 
generally dull-coloured plumage. Falcons, however, are met with 
as large as the Saker or larger, but coloured almost like a hen 
KESTREL, and on such a bird was founded the /. milvipes of 
Hodgson, published as a bare name in 1844 (Zool. Miscell. p. 81). 
Some authors appear still to consider this a distinct species, but the 
late Mr. Gurney referred it to the Saker (bis, 1882, pp. 444-447 ; 
List Diurn. B. Prey, p. 110). In India the Saker is flown chiefly at 
hares, small deer and the larger birds, as Bustards, Cranes and 
Kites, often shewing remarkable sport with the last, yet in its wild 
state it preys chiefly on rats, lizards and even insects, and when 
trained for a more powerful quarry it has to be drugged to give it 
courage. 
SANDERLING (Icel. Sanderia'), one of the commonest and 
most widely-ranging of the LrwicoLa that frequent our shores, and 
one in which great interest has been manifested, from the fact that 
for a very long while naturalists were unable to reach its breeding- 
haunts, though they were asserted to have been found in the Parry 
Islands; and Iceland was also suspected to be one of them. All 
doubt was, however, put aside when it became known that, in June 
1863, its nest and eggs had been discovered near Franklin Bay by 
Mr. MacFarlane (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. xiv. p. 427), a discovery the 
more fortunate since the species is rare in that quarter, and he was 
never able to obtain a second nest. One of the eggs, on being sent 
to England by the Smithsonian Institution (for whom that gentle- 
man, at the instigation of the late Prof. Baird, was collecting) was 
described and figured? (Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 76, pl. iv. fig. 2). 
Shortly after, the eggs collected by the German North-Pole Expedi- 
tion were received in this country and among them were ten, in a 
more or less fragmentary condition, obtained by Dr. Pansch on the 
east coast of Greenland, which, by an exhaustive process, were 
shewn (tom. cit. p. 546; Wissensch. Ergebn. deutsch. Nordpolarfahrt, 
pp. 204, 240-242) to be those of this species, while the series also © 
served to corroborate the suspicion before entertained of the breed- 
1 A name often confounded with Sand-léa, the Icelandic name of the Ringed 
PLovER, whereby several mistakes have arisen. 
2 The egg had been professedly figured before both by Thienemann (Fortpflanz. 
gesanmt. Vogel, t. xii. fig. 2) and Bedeker (Hier Europ. Vogel, t. Ixxi. fig. 5), 
but no doubt their specimens had been wrongly assigned, as were many others in 
various collections. 
