SHRIEKER—SHRIKE 843 
though smaller maxillary flap, and marked by a very peculiar 
style of coloration, is the “Blue Duck” of New Zealand, /Hymeno- 
lemus nalacorhynchus, from its lobated hallux generally placed among 
HyMenotamus. (After Buller.) 
the Nyrocine or Fuliguline (POCHARD), but having a tracheal con- 
formation very similar to that of the Anatine and of Somateria. 
SHRIEKER, an old name for the Gopwir. 
SHRIKE, a bird’s name so given, on the authority of Sir 
Francis Lovell, by Turner (1544, sub voce Molliceps), who said he 
could not find any one else who so called it, and had seen the bird 
but twice in England, though in Germany often. There can be little 
doubt that Turner’s informant was mistaken, and that the name, 
signifying a bird that screeches or shrieks (A.-S. Scric, old Norsk 
Skrikja, mod. Scand. Skrika—a Jay) probably applied originally to 
the Mistletoe-THRUSH, known to Charleton in 1668 (Onomast. p. 83) 
as SHREITCH, and to Willughby as SHRITE—a name it still bears 
in some parts of England, to say nothing of cognate forms such as 
SCREECH-BIRD and SHIRL. However, the word Shrike? was caught 
up by succeeding writers ; and, though hardly used except in books 
—for BUTCHER-BIRD (p. 66) is its popular synonym—it not only 
retains a position in literary English, but has been largely extended 
so as to apply in general to all birds of the Family Laniidx and others 
besides. The name Lanius, in this sense, originated with Gesner * 
(1555), who thought that the birds to which he gave it had not 
1 As this page is passing through the press I am indebted to Capt. Hutton 
for a specimen which enables me to make the above remark. G. R. Gray shewed 
(Ann. Nat. Hist. xi. pp. 369-371) that it has no affinity to Malacorhynchus, to 
which Wagler (Jsis, 1832, p. 1235) referred it. 
2 Few birds enjoy such a wealth of local names as the Shrikes. M. Rolland 
(Faune Pop. France, ii. pp. 146-151) gives upwards of ninety applied to them in 
France and Savoy ; but not one of these has any affinity to our word ‘‘ Shrike.” 
3 He does not seem to have known that Butcher-bird was an English name ; 
and indeed it may have been subsequently invented (¢f. FLusHER). 
