5o6 REPTILES, AMPHIBIANS AND FISHES 



Parrot-wrasses, 273. 

 Pearls, artificial, 423. 



— real, origin, 272. 

 Pediculati, 377. 

 Pelagic region, 269. 



— fishes, 283. 



— reptiles, 102, 

 Pelobates, 225. 

 Pelobatidas, 166. 

 Pelycosauria, 19, no. 



— period, 27. 

 Perch, 259. 



Periarctic region, Amphibia of, 179. 



Periophthalmus, 376. 



Permian, fishes, 252. 



Petersen, ©n breeding livery of eels, 



352. 

 Petromyzon, 452. 

 Pharynx, of Ascidians, 475. 



— of Amphioxus, 460. 



Philippi on copulation of Cyprinodonts, 



312. 

 Phoronis, 489. 

 Photoblepharus palpebratus, luminous 



organs, 421. 

 Phraktamphibia, 161. 

 Phrynixalus biroi, nest, igo. 

 Phrynosoma, colour, 79. 



— spines, 117. 



— cornutum, colour, 87. 



— ejection of blood, 147. 



— form of body, 91. 

 Phyllobates, reproduction, igi. 

 Phyllomedusa, nest, 189. 

 Phyllopteryx, 283, 377. 

 Physoclisti, 382. 

 Physostomi, 382. 

 Phytosaurus, 19, 120. 

 Pilchard, eggs, 343. 



— auditory organ, 393. 



— migrations, 296. 

 Pilot-fish, 305. 



Pipa americana, 167, 195. 

 Pipe-fishes, 377. 

 Pit-vipers, 82. 

 Placodontia, dentition, 143. 



— food, 52. 



— period, 28. 



— relations, 22. 

 Plaice, growth, 347. 



— hibernation, 2gg. 



— variations, 35g, 360. 

 Plankton, 2g2. 

 Platax orbicularis, 271. 

 Platophrys, metamorphosis, 346. 

 Platysomidas, 257. 

 Plectognathi, 271. 

 Plesiosaurs, origin, 22. 



— food, 47. 



— paddles, 133. 



— period, 28, 



Plesiosaurs size, 6. 



— structure, 105. 



— swallowing pebbles, 156. 

 Plethodon, care of eggs, 202. 



— external gills, 226. 

 Plethodontinae, absence of lungs, 225. 

 Pleuracanthus, 253. 



Pleurodira, 40, 127. 

 Pleurodont dentition, 140. 

 Pleuronectidae, air-bladder, 38g. 



— adaptations, 371. 



— metamorphosis, 345. 



— mutations, 364, figs. PI. XXX. A, B. 

 Pliosaurus, 105. 



Pogonias chromis, voice, 406. 

 Poison fangs of snakes, 143. 



— glands, 144, 145. 



Poisonous secretion, Amphibia, 221, 



222. 

 Polacanthus foxi, 122. 

 Polyipnus, 414. 

 Polypterus, air-bladder, 383, 386. 



— evolution, 256. 



— larva, 342. 

 Pomacentridae, 271, 273. 

 Pond-tortoise, 45. 



Porichthys notatus, luminous organs, 



4ig, 428. 

 Predentary bone, 137. 

 Prerostral bone, 137. 

 Proboscis of Ccphalodiscus, 4g3. 



— of Enteropneusta, 48g. 

 Procolophon, 10, 16. 

 Proreptilia, 15. 



Protective coloration, reptiles, 77, 85. 



— resemblance, fishes, 377. 

 Protection of eggs, Amphibia, 187. 

 Proteroglypha, 144. 



Proteidag, 164. 

 Proteus anguinus, 164. 



— reproduction, 205. 



— recrescence, 22g. 

 Protopterus, air-bladder, 384. 



— nest, 3ig. 



P rotor osaurus, 18, 26. 

 Psephoderma, 28, 126. 

 Pscttus sebce, 271. 

 Pseudobranchus striatus, 164. 

 Pseudophryne, nest, i8g. 



— vivipara, ig8. 

 Pteranodon, beak, 99, 136. 

 Pteraspis, 250. 

 Pterichthys, 250. 

 Pterobranchia, 493. 

 Pterodactyles, 22, 32. 



— beak, 137. 



— food, 47. 



— period, 28. 



— structure, gg, 101, fig., 100.. 



— skeleton, i2g. 



— wings, 132, 





