140 MEMOIRS OF THE NUTTALL ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB 



220 [528b] Acanthis linaria rostrata (Coues). 



Greater Redpoll. 

 Irregular and at times common winter visitor. 



Among a flock of Redpolls in an orchard at Ipswich on January 29, 1907, 

 I noticed two or three distinctly larger and darker birds. One of these I col- 

 lected and it proved to belong to this subspecies. 



221 [529] Astragalinus tristis tristis (Linn.). 



Goldfinch ; Yellow-bird. 

 Permanent resident, abundant in summer, not uncommon in winter. 

 Eggs: July to September 13. 



The courtship season of this bird is of long duration. In May it is common 

 to hear a jingling melodious concert from a number, all singing together in a tree. 

 In June, July, and August the courtship ecstacy appears to be at its height and the 

 delightful and cheerful song is poured out by birds flying in irregular circles as 

 well as from perches. 



As late as October, I found in a small apple tree a nest of a Goldfinch with 

 four young but a few days old. A high wind on the third of the month upset the 

 nest, throwing out two of the birds. I set the nest on the ground at the foot of 

 the tree and replaced the young, and they were cared for there by the parents in 

 the new location. 



222 [533] Spinus pinus (Wils.). 



Pine Siskin; Pine Finch. 



Irregular and at times abundant winter visitor. October 3 to May 31. 



A reference by Nuttall' omitted in the original Memoir is this: "My friend, 

 Mr. Oakes, of Ipswich, has seen them in large flocks in that vicinity in winter." 



I have records for this bird in winter in Essex County for every year in the 

 last fifteen but one, namely 1915, so that it may almost be called a regular 

 winter visitor. They have appeared again this last fall, coming first on October 13. 



1 Nuttall, T. Manual of the Oriiitholog>- of the United States and Canada, Land Birds, 

 p. 512, 1832, 



