PARUS. 



223 



d 3 . Body never blue black, unless there is 

 white on the under tail-coverts. 

 c 4 . Crown glossed with blue ; inside of 

 mouth black ; some white edges to 

 feathers of abdomen, thighs and 

 under tail-coverts. 

 c 5 . Scapulars not tipped with white . 

 d 5 . Scapulars tipped with white 

 d*. Crown glossed with green ; inside 

 of mouth bright yellow ; breast to 

 the tail uniform dusky grey . . 

 b 1 . Breast never black or grey. 



c 2 . Entire plumage black and white . 

 d". Mantle grey. 



e 3 . Breast white, with a central mottled 



black band 



/ 3 . No black on centre of breast. 



e*. Larger; wing about 3-3; breast 

 darker. 



e 5 . Breast cinnamon 



a 6 . Breast darker ; less white on 

 wings and tail. Congo to 

 Benguela, typical. 

 b e . Breast paler; more white on 

 the wings and tail. Masuku 

 range in Nyasaland, subsp. 



f 5 . Breast rufous buff 



f i . Smaller; wing 3-05; breast buffy 



white, subsp 



. Head and neck black with a large pale patch. 

 c 1 . Pale patch on sides of head extends down 

 the whole length of the neck. 

 e 2 . Pale portion of head white. S. Afr. . 

 g s . Bill larger. Western S. Afr., typical. 

 h 3 . Bill moderate. Vaal B. to Matabele, 



subsp 



i 3 . Bill small. Mashona to Nyasa, subsp. 



f". Pale patch on sides of head grey . . . 



d 1 . Pale patch on sides of head rounded and 



surrounded by the black of the neck . . 



niger. -' 

 fuellebomi. 2. 



xanthostomus. 2 j 



albiventris. 





fasciiventris. 



rufiventris. 



masulcuensis. 

 pallidiventris. 



rovuma 



afer. 



intermedins. - 

 parvirostris. 



griseiventris. ■ 



thruppi. 



With regard to the subspecies : P. leucomelas, Riipp., is 

 represented in "West Africa by a very slightly smaller form, 



