260 SALPORNIS SALVADORII. 



General plumage brown and white ; upper parts dark brown, spotted and 

 barred on the wings and tail with white. 



Only two very nearly allied species are known : the type S. spilonotus 

 a native of Central India, and S. salvadorii from Africa. The Indian bird 

 has the bill slightly longer and more compressed, and the throat of a purer 

 white. S. salvadorii, bill never more than 08 ; S. spilonotus, bill never less 

 than 09, measured in a straight line from the frontal feathers to the tip. 



Salpornis salvadorii. 



Salpornis salvadorii (Bocage), Gadow, Cat. B. M. viii. p. 330 (1883) 

 Bcngucla, Mashonaland ; Sharpe, ed. Layard's B. S. Afr. p. 835 

 (1884) ; Shelley, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 37 Tobbo ; Biittik. Notes Leyd. 

 Mus. 1888, p. 232 Kasinga B. ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1891, p. 590 ML Elgon ; 

 Shelley, Ibis, 1894, p. 14 Nyasaland ; id. B. Afr. I. No. 141 (1896) ; 

 Marshall, Ibis, 1896, p. 244 Salisbury ; Shelley, Ibis, 1899, p, 366 

 Tanganyika plateau ; Marshall, Ibis, 1900, p. 235 Mashona. 



Salpornis emini, Hartl. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 415, pi. 37 Langomeri ; id. Zool. 

 Jahrb. ii. p. 312 (1887) ; id. J. f. O. 1889, p. 115. 



Salpornis spilonotus salvadorii, Stark, Faun. S. Afr. i. p. 266 (1900). 



Adult. Above dark brown with white markings on each feather, 

 diminishing in size towards the forehead, these marks inclining to shaft 

 stripes on the crown and to bars and large terminal spots on the back and 

 upper tail-coverts ; wing and tail-feathers with partial white bars and 

 narrower white ends ; sides of the head white with the upper half of the 

 ear- coverts brown ; under parts white, slightly washed with rufous buff on 

 the breast, with brownish edges to the feathers of the sides and lower throat, 

 and with partial brown bars on the feathers of the breast ; under tail-coverts 

 broadly barred with blackish brown ; under surface of the wings brown, 

 mottled with buffish-white on the coverts and with large white spots along 

 the inner webs of the quills ; bill dusky brown, paler beneath ; legs ashy 

 brown ; iris brown. Total length 5-75 inches, culmen - 8, wing 3-7, tail 2-5, 

 tarsus 0-65. Ganyani B. (J. S. Jameson). 



Salvadori's Tree-creeper ranges over Central Africa from 

 the Cunene and Limpopo rivers northward to about 6° N. lat. 



In Benguela the type of the species and several other 

 specimens were collected by Anchieta at Caconda, and Prof. 

 Barboza du Bocage, believing it to belong to an undescribed 



