318 ANTHUS CAMPESTRIS. 



into buff at the base of the lower mandible ; iris brown ; legs pale yellowish 

 brown. Total length 7 inches, cultnen 06, wing 3 - 75, tail 3, tarsus 1-05. 

 Egypt, S , 7. 3. 68 ; J , 6. 3. 68 (Shelley). 



Immature. Like the adult in the colouring and pattern of the wings 

 and tail, but the remainder of the upper parts are dark brown with narrow 

 pale edges to all the feathers, including those of the lower back ; under 

 parts differ in being strongly marked with black pear-shaped spots on the 

 crop and a few dark shaft-stripes on the flanks. Total length 6-1 inches, 

 culmen 055, wing 3 - 3, tail 2-6, tarsus 1-0. 



The Tawny Pipit ranges southward to the Gambia river 

 and Somaliland, breeds in Europe, and occurs in Siberia, China 

 and north-western India. 



At Bathurst on the Gambia the species has been procured 

 by Marche and De Compiegne and by Verreaux from Casa- 

 manse. The most southern known range for the Tawny 

 Pipit is Somaliland ; here the species was first met with by 

 Mr. Lort Phillips on the open plateau country at Sheikh, 

 January 30, 1897, and Mr. Hawker has collected specimens 

 at Jifa Medir, Makanis and Berbera in January and February. 

 Mr. Ogilvie Grant informs me that during his visit to the 

 island of Socotra this species was only met with on Abdul 

 Kuri, where a pair were seen during his second visit on 

 February 23 ; they were extremely wary, and after some 

 trouble the male was shot. I do not find it recorded by 

 Count Salvadori from Shoa, but Lord Lovat procured a 

 specimen during his journey from Berbera to the Blue Nile. 

 In the British Museum there are specimens collected by Mr. 

 Blanford in February and March at Senafe and in April at 

 Lake Ashangi and Adigrat. He found it to be very abundant 

 in grassy meadows throughout the highlands, but appeared to 

 be replaced on the cultivated land by A. ceroimts. According 

 to von Heuglin it migrates regularly each winter into Abys- 

 sinia, Kordofan, Sennaar, Nubia and Egypt, and more rarely 

 occurs in the White Nile valley and Arabia. 



