KEY TO FAMILIES. 



55 



Family 16. PaWc^oJ.— Nuthatches and Titmice (Fig. 57). 

 Subfamily *SV«i/itE.— Nuthatches. 

 Bill rather long and slender, the end of the lower mandible 

 slightly upward; wings long and 

 pointed, the third or fom-th primary 

 the longest, the first very small, not 

 an inch in length ; tail short and 

 square, the outer feathers blotched 

 with white, p. 386. 

 Subfamily PaWno;.— Titmice. 

 Length 4-50-6-50 ; bill short, stout, and 

 rounded, less than half an inch in 

 length ; fourth or fifth primary longest, 

 first very short, not more than one 

 third as long ; tail rather long, dull 

 ashy gi-ay without white blotches, 

 p. 389. 



slanting 



Fig. 57, 



Family 17. Sylviidce. — Ki-^G-L-ETs and 

 Gnatcatchers (Fig. 58). 

 Length 3-50-5-00 ; bill slender, re- 

 sembling that of some Warblers, but 

 the first primary is very short, only 

 about one third as long as the longest, 

 p. 391. 



Fig. 58. 



Family 18. Turdidce. — 



Thrushes, Bluebirds, 

 etc. (Fig. 59). 

 Length over 5-50 ; bill mod- 

 erate, the tip of the upper 

 mandible notched ; tarsus 

 smooth, the scales, if any, 

 fused and indistinct; tail 

 square : wings long and 

 pointed, 3-75 or over, third 

 primary the longest, the 

 first very short, less than 

 one inch in length, p. 394. 



Fig. 59. 



