F1^X^HES, SPARROWS, ETC. 273 



a. Throat and breast black, brown, or slate-color, sharply defined 

 from the white belly. 



«!. Breast black or brown ; sides rufous .... 587. Towhee. 

 a?. Breast slate-color; sides the same, or brownish. 



567. JuNco. 567^. Carolina Junco. 

 h. Throat and belly more or less yellow or ashy, 

 fti. Wing over 4-00; bill stout, greenish yellow. 



514. Evening Grosbeak. 

 R Bill small and sharp: back brown; throat yellowish. 



529. Goldfinch ( 9 and im.). 

 &3. Body bright yellow, cap black . . 529. Goldfinch ( 5 ad.). 

 c. Under parts pure white, middle of back black. 



534. Snowflake. 



B. Back streaked with black, brown, or white. 



a. Bend of the wing yellow ; tail under 2*20. 



546. Grasshopper Sparrow. 



b. Breast black or blackish ; lesser wing-coverts reddish brown. 



539. McCown's Longspur $ . 



c. Breast huffy ; belly whitish ; outer tail-feathers white, next three 

 or four more or less white with a black band at the end ; seconda- 

 ries not entirely white 539. McCown's Longspur 9 . 



d. Under parts entirely light brown or buffy, only two outer tail- 

 feathers white ; no yellow on the bend of the wing. 



537. Smith's Longspur. 



e. Under parts pure white, with a blackish spot on the center of the 

 breast, a black stripe on the sides of the throat ; sides of the 

 crown and ear-coverts chestnut .... 552. Lark Sparrow. 



/. Wing slightly over 4-00 ; under parts pure white or washed with 

 rusty ; head and rump white or rusty ; most of secondaries white. 



534. Snowflake. 

 . Tail without large white spots or patches. 

 A. Back plain, without distinct streaks. 

 a. Back blue, bluish, or brownish blue. 

 a^. Wing over 3'00 ; lesser wing-coverts chestnut or with broad 



chestnut tips . . 597. Blue Grosbeak. 



a"^. Wing under 3-00 ; lesser wing-coverts blue or bluish, tipped 



with light brown 598. Indigo Bunting. 



h. Back green or greenish, or rump yellow or greenish yellow. 

 Ji. Mandibles not crossed. 



62. Back greenish 601. Painted Bunting 9 . 



J3. Back and under parts slaty gray ; bill black. 



515. Pine Grosbeak ( 9 and im.). 

 6*. Forehead, rump, under parts, and scapulars yellow or brown- 

 ish yellow; secondaries white; bill yellow. 



514. Evening Grosbeak ^ . 

 c*. Mandibles crossed. 

 fS. Wing-bars white .... 522. W hue-winged Crossbill. 



c3. Without white wing-bars 521. Am. Crossbill. 



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