358 WOOD WARBLERS. 



black and margined with bright olive-green; wing-bars yellowish white; 

 tail black, the outer feathers with white patches on their inner vanes at the 

 tip; under parts white, the sides chestnut. Ad. 9. — Similar, but somewhat 

 duller in color. Im. — Very different; upper parts bright yellowish olive- 

 green, back sometimes streaked with black; wing-bars yellowish white; 

 under parts pure, silky white, the sides sometimes with spots or patches of 

 chestnut. L., 5-14; W., 2-45; T., 2-00; B. from N., -29. 



Range. — Eastern North America ; breeds from central Illinois and north- 

 ern New Jersey north to Manitoba and Newfoundland, and southward along 

 the Alleghanies to South Carolina ; winters in the tropics. 



Washington, abundant T. V., Apl. 28 to May 30; Aug. 10 to Sept. 30. 

 Sing Sing, tolerably common S. K., May 2 to Sept. 24. Cambridge, common 

 S. K., May 5 to Sept. 10. 



Nest.1 of strips of bark, leaf stems, etc., lined with tendrils and rootlets, in 

 bushes, about three feet up. Eggs^ four to live, white, with numerous distinct 

 and obscure cinnamon- and olive-brown markings, chiefly in a wreath about 

 the larger end, '69 x -50. 



When settled for the summer, Chestnut-sided Warblers may be 

 found in second growths, scrubby clearings, or the bushy borders of 

 woodlands. There is a suggestion in their movements of the restless 

 activity of the Redstart, as with drooped wings and slightly raised 

 tail they flit among the lower growth. They have two songs, both of 

 which closely resemble that of the Yellow Warbler, though a practiced 

 ear can at once recognize the song of either. 



Adults of this species are too conspicuously marked to be mistaken 

 for any other Warbler, but in the fall have a care in identifying the 

 very differently colored young. 



1 660. Dendroica castanea (Wils.). Bay -breasted Warbler. 



Ad. S . — Forehead and cheeks black, a cream-buff patch on the sides of the 

 neck; crown chest nut ; throat., upper breast., and sides chestnut- rufous ; back 

 brownish ashy, streaked with black ; two white wing-bars ; inner vanes of 

 outer tail-feathers with white patches at their tips; lower breast and belly 

 buft'y white. Ad. 9 .—Crown olive-green, streaked with black and with gen- 

 erally some chestnut; rest of upper parts as in the <$ ; under parts buffy white ; 

 breast and sides more or less stained with rufous. Im. — Upper parts bright 

 olive-green, indistinctly streaked with black ; wings and tail much as in the 

 ads. ; under parts white, tinged with cream-buff, especially on the flanks. 

 L., 5-63; W., 2-95; T., 2-12; B. from N., -30. 



Range. — Eastern North America ; breeds from northern Michigan and 

 northern New England northward to Hudson Bay and Labrador ; winters in 

 Central America. 



Washington, sometimes abundant, usually uncommon T. V., May 10 to 

 20 ; Aug. 28 to Oct. 20. Sing Sing, tolerably common T. V., May 14 to 28 ; 

 Aug. 5 to Sept. 26. Cambridge, rather rare T. V., May 15 to 25 ; Sept. 12 to 28. 



Nest, of grasses and plant fibers, lined with plant down and long hairs, 

 in coniferous trees, five to twenty feet up. Eggs., four to five, white, finely 



