180 GROUSE, BOB-WHITES, ETC. 



the black tliroat-band wider and sometimes reaching down upon the breast, 

 the rufous-chestnut of the sides more extensive, the black bars of tlie breast 

 and belly much wider. L., 8-50 ; W., 4-40 ; T., 2-50. 



Range. — Florida, except the northern border of the State. 



A common bird throughout the pine-grown portions of the Florida 

 peninsula. It is especially numerous on old plantations, where it fre- 

 quents patches of " cow peas." It resembles the northern Bob- white 

 in habits, but is, I think, more inclined to take to the trees when 

 flushed. I have seen a whole covey fly up into the lofty pine trees, 

 where, squatting close to the limbs, they became almost invisible. 



They begin to pair early in March. 



The European or Migratory Quail {Coturnix, coturnix) has been intro- 

 duced into this country on several occasions, but does not appear to have sur- 

 vived. 



298. Dendragapus canadensis ( Linn . ). Canada Grouse ; Spruce 

 Partridge. Ad. 5 .— Upper parts barred with black, ashy, gray, and grayish 

 brown; tertials and wing-coverts irregularly marked with fuscous and grayish 

 brown; tail black, tipped with rufous; the black throat separated from the 

 black breast by a broken circular band of black and white and a band of the 

 same color as the back of the neck ; sides mottled with black and grayish 

 brown, the ends of the feathers with white shaft streaks; rest of the under 

 parts black, broadly tipped with white, except on the middle of the lower 

 breast; bare skin above the eye bright red in life. Ad. 9 .—Upper parts 

 barred with black and pale rufous and tipped with ashy gray ; tail black, 

 mottled and tipped with rufous ; throat and upper breast barred with pale 

 rufous and black ; sides mottled with black and pale rufous, the ends of the 

 feathers with white shaft streaks; rest of the under parts black, broadly 

 tipped with white and more or less washed with pale rufous. L., 15-00; W., 

 6-50 ; T., 4-75 ; B. from N., -40. 



Eange.—From northern New England, northern New York, and northern 

 Minnesota northwestward to Alaska. 



Nest, on the ground. Egcjs, nine to sixteen, huffy or pale brownish, more 

 or less speckled or spotted with deep brown, 1-71 x 1-22 (Ridgw.). 



This species is a common inhabitant of coniferous forests, and is 

 generally resident wherever found. An excellent account of its habits 

 is given in Captain Bendire's Life Histories of North American Birds, 

 p. 51. 



300. Bonasa umbellus {Lmn.). Ruffed Grouse ; Partridge ; 

 Pheasant. Ad. 6 .—Prevailing color of the upper parts rufous, much varie- 

 gated with black, ochraceous, huffy, gray, and whitish ; sides of the neck with 

 large tufts of broad, glossy black feathers ; tail varying from gray to rufous, 

 irregularly barred and mottled with black, a broad black or brownish band 

 near the end ; tip gray ; throat and breast ochraceous-buff, a broken blackish 

 band on the breast; rest of the under parts white, tinged with buflFy and 



