32 REMARKS ON FOREGOING LIST OF AUSTRALIAN BIRDS. 



Pachycephala occidentalis, s}). nov. 



FacJit/cephalagutturalis; Gould, Bds. Aust., fol. Vol. II., pi. 64 ; id. Handbook Bds. Aust., I., p. 207. 



Finding it necessary to separate the yellow-breasted PacltijcepliaJa of "Western Australia from 

 that of New South Wales, I embrace the present opportunity of stating my reasons for so doing 

 and of pointing out the differences between these two species. While lately examining a large series 

 of Pachycejyhcdcfi from various parts of Australia, my attention was drawn by Mr Masters to the 

 deep rufous tint, on the under surface of the females of the Western examples, of the so-called P. 

 giittu7'alis; and after comparing a very large number of specimens from both New South Wales and 

 Western Australia, I have come to the conclusion that although closely allied, they are specifically 

 distinct. Mr. Gould's description, and the plate of the /''. gutturalis in his work, have evidently 

 been taken from Western examples, from which the Turdtcs gutturalis of Latham may be easily 

 distinguished. 



Adult male. Tjike Pachycephala gutturalis, JjSith., but distinct, in having the tail grey without 

 any wash of olive on the margins of the basal portion of the feathers, the blackish subterminal band 

 in width less than one-third of the total length ; the yellow neck band very indistinct, or broken on 

 the back of the neck, the olive of the upper surface of a more greenish tint, and the yellow of the 

 under surface slightly paler. 



Adult female. Like that sex of P. gictturalis, Lath., but having the lower part of the chest, 

 flanks, the abdomen, and under tail coverts rufous-bufi", under wing-coverts light rufous-buff. 



Sexes alike in size ; total length G'i inclies, wing 3-55 inches, tail 3-1 inches, tarsi 0-9 inch, bill 

 from forehead, 0'6 inch. 



In the Pachycephala gutturalis. Lath., of New South Wales, the male has the basal half of the 

 tail grey, and always tvashed tvith olice, of the same tint as the back, and the subterminal blackish 

 band extends towards the base for a least one-half of the total length ; the yellow neck-band is zvell- 

 defined on the back of the neck. In the females the lower part of the chest is ashy grey, becoming 

 white on the abdomen and under tail- and wing-coverts. These difierences will at once serve to 

 distinguish the two species. 



Oriolus affinis, Gould. 

 Mr. R. B. Sliarpe,* seems to doubt the existence of a third Oriole in Australia — 0. affinis, Gould. 

 I can only assure Ornithologists that in my opinion this is a good species, and fairly described 

 by Mr. Gould, and that it has nothing whatever to do with the young of 0. flavicincta, as supposed 

 by Mr. Sharpe. This bird is smaller than 0. viridis, the bill larger, the wings shorter, the tarsi 

 smaller, the breast duller, less olive-green on the chest, the striaj continued on to the flanks and 

 abdomen, no strife on the throat, which is greyish Avashed with olive-green ; more grey on the 

 primaries, the secondaries and coverts with a narrower white margin ; and a small spot of white 



* Britisli Museum Catalogue of BirdSj Vol. III., p. 188. 



