40 BULLETIK 183, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



The 2,827 unattached body sherds show several methods of surface 

 treatment (table 3). As among the rimsherds and partly restored 

 vessels, cord-roughening is decidedly uncommon; only 22 such frag- 

 ments (0.77 percent) are present. I think it can be safely assumed 

 that they are from vessels whose entire surfaces had been worked over 

 with a cord-wrapped paddle; plain smoothed areas, if they existed, 

 must have been limited to the basal portions, as an incidental result 

 of wear and use. By contrast, plain sherds totalled 1,769 (62+ per- 

 cent). That plain ware existed is evidenced by such sherds as plate 

 7, e, which shows no ornamentation whatever on either rim or body. 

 At the same time it should not be assumed that upwards of 60 percent 

 of all ware produced was necessarily undecorated. All restored and 

 partly restored pots with decoration, as well as the larger sherds, show 

 that certain areas (e. g., the neck) were often, probably characteris- 

 tically, left plain. In other words, an unknown but probably con- 

 siderable proportion of sherds tabulated as plain are from pots that 

 had mcised or otherwise embellished rims and/or bodies. 



Rocker-marking, either alone or in combination with plain areas, 

 occurs on a total of 851 sherds (30 percent). Of these, 11 show the 

 impressions to be confined to a narrow line-bordered band, the vessel 

 in each case evidently having borne alternating rough and smooth 

 areas. Eighty-six others are also partly plain, but have a narrow 

 carelessly incised line separating this from the rocker-roughened por- 

 tion. Most, perhaps all, of these are probably from pots treated as 

 in plates 3, 6, and 4, «, where a similar line divides the undecorated 

 neck from the roughened body. The last group in the table, with 44 

 specimens, would result from a fracture following this same dividing 

 line between neck and body, with subsequent detachment of the lower 

 roughened section. 



The exterior surfaces of 29 sherds have been roughened in some 

 undetermined fashion. Two seem to have been brushed with straw 

 or grass stems ; in the others the surface markings may be partly ob- 

 literated rocker impressions or something else. Most of the 66 punc- 

 tate sherds are probably from the neck or upper body of vessels other- 

 wise plain or rocker-roughened. Their distinguishing feature is a 

 single line of punch marks, except that 2 or 3 seem to have had a wider 

 zone filled with shallow pits (pi. 7, g). 



Most sherds showing dentate stamp impressions have the alternate 

 smooth and roughened zones often regarded as characteristically 

 Hopewellian. At the Renner site this type is relatively uncommon, 

 including but 37 pieces (pi. 7, j-m) . Most are small, and none permits 

 a guess as to the pattern followed. The stamp impressions are always 

 straight and probably fairly short; bands are 1 to 2 cm. wide. An 

 unusually well made vessel is represented by half a dozen sherds where 

 the roughened zone, curved and as usual outlined by grooves, was 



