ARCHEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN MISSOURI 59 



and cross section it closely resembles the smaller ax above described, 

 except for the groove and marks of hard use exhibited by the latter. 



In pit 12 was found a fragment of what was almost certainly a 

 grooved ax. Both poll and bit are broken away, but the remaining 

 section shows a three-quarters groove, with the fourth side flat and 

 well smoothed. The size of the complete specimen is of course un- 

 certain, though it seems to have been only slightly larger than the 

 small axes previously noted. Except on the broken areas, surface 

 finish is superior to the others. 



Six or seven broken celts were found. These invariably show an 

 elliptical cross section quite unlike that of the axes, a thick rounded 

 butt, and a smoothed curving bit. In no case has the finely dimpled 

 surface generally been smoothed, though sometimes so near the blade. 

 Maximum width is also usually toward the blade. Some have a 

 chipped or broken bit ; others, including the largest, have only a very 

 smooth edge worn to a high polish as though from long rubbing 

 against soft or greasy material (pi. 19, d) . 



A small hematite celt may be noted here (pi. 11, k). Complete, it 

 is 57 mm. long, with a maximum width at the bit of 34 mm. The butt 

 is somewhat irregularly shaped, probably owing to unevennesses in 

 the raw material. The sides are squared and carefully finished. 

 Except for a few nicks and scratches, particularly about the butt, the 

 surfaces generally are characterized by a high polish. 



Stone balls, made by percussion from chert nodules, averaged 57 

 to 77 mm. in diameter. All were evidently pecked or battered into 

 approximate spheroidal shape, with some effort in at least one instance 

 to smooth the specimen off afterward by grinding. Surfaces are rough 

 and pitted (pi. 19, e), and, as might be expected, perfect symmetry 

 was never acliieved. The three specimens recovered show variations 

 of 5 to 7 mm. in their individual diameters. Two were graded out 

 of the highway cut ; the third and poorest of the group is from pit 24. 



Artifacts of limestone are three in number. Of special interest 

 are the two objects figured in plate 11, b and c;h is made of crystal- 

 line limestone, or calcite, of a dirty white color. Funnel-shaped, it 

 has a flat lip, surrounding a cavity 16 mm. deep, and a short solid 

 stem 9 mm. in diameter, which has been ground off flat at the end. 

 Exterior surfaces, as well as interior, have been carefully and evenly 

 dressed down, though the edge of the rim bears a few old and some 

 recent nicks. Viewed from above, the specimen is slightly elliptical, 

 with a maximum width of 36 mm. and a length (estimated by pro- 

 jection, due to rim fracture) of about 42 mm. The height is 35 mm. 

 Along with a in the plate, which is slightly larger and molded of 

 clay, h was found in pit 12. 



