196 BULLETIN 183, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



Beaming tools made from the split metapodial of the deer are 

 extremely uncommon west of the Missouri. So far as I am aware 

 there are no published descriptions of specimens from this region. 

 Several have been found at the Trowbridge site in Wyandotte County, 

 Kansas, culturally very closely related to Renner. Only two other 

 occurrences have come to my attention; both involve fragmentary 

 specimens. One, now in the collections of the Nebraska Historical 

 Society, is from the Lehn site in Howard County, Nebr. The other, 

 in the private collection of G. L. Whiteford, Salina, Kans., was found 

 at a prehistoric village site on Pipe Creek in Ottawa County, Kans. 

 The Lehn site is Upper Republican ; the Pipe Creek site is from the 

 same or a related presumably contemporaneous horizon. The second 

 typo of bone scraper found at Renner, made from the ilium of the 

 deer, is even rarer. The Trowbridge site has yielded several; other- 

 wise I recall no examples from the Missouri Valley or from the central 

 Great Plains. Jeancon (1923, p. 25 and pi. 25D) reports identical 

 implements from the Chama Valley near Abiquiu, N. Mex. ; and 

 Ritchie (1936, p. 46 and pi. 10, fig. 2) mentions one specimen from 

 the Canandaigua site in Ontario County, N. Y. 



Dressed toe bones of the deer, pierced lengthwise and presumably 

 used either as appendages on clothing or in the cup-and-pin game, 

 are not a common Plains archeological type. One specimen has been 

 reported from the Walker Gilniore deep site in Cass County, Nebr. 

 (Strong, 1935, p. 192 and pi. 18, fig. 2, j). There is one from the 

 historic Kansa site below the mouth of Blue River in Pottawotamie 

 County, Kans. (unpublished field notes, 1937) ; and I am under the 

 impression that another has been foimd at the Lehn site, Howard 

 County, Nebr. 



The pottery remains at the Renner site are markedly dissimilar to 

 nearly all wares so far reported from the Plains area. The few cord- 

 roughened coarsely grit-tempered sherds and the pointed-base jar 

 with rim bosses (see pi. 3, a) resemble certain materials found from 

 time to time at Woodland sites in Nebraska and northern Kansas. 

 Also, the plain recurved rimsherds classed under the final entry in 

 the summary of Renner sherd types (see p. 37) bear a resemblance 

 to some of the less distinctive later wares with "Mississippian" affi- 

 nities. The great majority of the remains, however, find their closest 

 counterpart not west of the Missouri but in the Hopewellian wares to 

 the east and south. 



It should be noted at the outset that the present attempt at a direct 

 comparison between the Renner complex and the easterly Hopewellian 

 materials is beset with difficulties. Despite all that has been said and 

 written on the subject, there is still much diversity of opinion on the 

 part of workers in different areas as to what elements are Hope- 



