200 BULLETIN 183, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



attributed to either the Black Sand or the Hopewelliiin component at 

 the site (Cole and Deuel, 1937, p. 150) ." 



In southwestern Wisconsin burial mounds assigned to another 

 variant — the Trempealeau focus — of the Hopewellian phase are scat- 

 tered along the left bank of the Mississippi from Trempealeau County 

 southward to, or beyond, Crawford County (McKern, 1931a). Rela- 

 tively few of the artifacts listed by McKern (p. 235) for the Trem- 

 pealeau sites can be duplicated at Renner. With pottery omitted for 

 the moment, copper celts, flint flake knives, knives and projectile 

 points of chipped stone, and large chipped stone implements about 

 complete the inventory of similarities.^^ Some of these items, more- 

 over, are of rather general nature and in themselves do not constitute 

 proof of a common genesis. The few specimens found at Trem- 

 pealeau village and campsites indicate a greater variety of stemmed 

 projectile point forms (McKern, 1931a, pi. 37) than occurs at Renner, 

 but the scrapers, knives, and drill points are much the same. Here 

 again our comparisons are suggestive rather than definitive, since the 

 overwhelming bulk of Trempealeau materials is from, burial mounds 

 rather than habitation areas. 



In regard to pottery remains there are a number of close similarities 

 between the Wisconsin sites and Renner. Trempealeau pottery, to 

 judge from the limited collections so far described (McKern, 1931a, 

 p. 223), is characteristically grit-tempered, with granular structure 

 and a ragged fracture; surfaces vary from rough to "decidedly 

 smooth." Two general types seem to be indicated. The rougher ware 

 includes vertically elongate jars with conoidal base, slightly contracted 

 upper walls, and a weakly flared rim. The rim is decorated with verti- 

 cal or diagonal rouletted or stamped lines below which occur indenta- 

 tions or bosses. Some of the illustrated specimens appear to have 

 cord-wrapped stick impressions (McKern, 1931a, pi. 43, fig. 9; pi. 42, 

 extreme right). In shape these vessels (pi. 42) suggest the large jars 

 at Remiers, though the presumably associated rim decorations are 

 found on only a few pieces at the Platte County site. A finer ware in 

 Trempealeau is inadequately represented but includes vessels with 

 rounded base, squarish body, short plain neck, and outwardly folded 

 (channeled ?) vertical rim. Here the rims bear incised cross-hatching 

 below which is a row of punctates. Body decoration involves alternate 

 smooth and roughened areas, the latter produced by means of the 

 dentate rocker. This finer ware undoubtedly corresponds to the thin, 

 hard, often polished sherds and vessels at Remier (cf . pi. 8, a-c) , though 



"A perforated bone imitation bear tooth is reported by Baker et al., 1941, p. 11, from a 

 Hopewellian mound in the lower Illinois Valley. 



" In the National Museum collections are a number of real and imitation perforated bear 

 teeth from mound 5, De Soto, and from a mound at Warners Landing, both In Vernon 

 County, Wis. (see also Thomas, 1894, pp. 7S-79). These sites are within the geographic 

 range of, and perhaps can be assigned to, the Trempealeau horizon. 



