ARCHEOLOGICAL IlSrVESTIGATTONS IN RHSSOURI 205 



which conforms in many particulars to the "ceremonial" ware on 

 northern Hopewell sites, includes numerous small pots up to 16 cm. 

 high and bowls with slightly incurving upper walls. Pot shapes are 

 much more varied than at Renner, but many vessels show a general 

 similarity in form. Lobed vessels occur in both areas. Flat bases 

 and tetrapodal supports are found in the Marksville horizon but not 

 at Renner. In regard to decorative treatment, we may note especially 

 the greater variety and complexity in motif at Crooks. Bird designs, 

 common at Crooks, have not been found at the Platte County sites. 

 Among the elements held in common by Crooks and Renner are: 

 Use of cross-hatched rims, commonly channeled on the interior, with 

 a row of punctates along the lower edge ; body decoration consisting 

 of alternate smooth and roughened areas separated by wide incised 

 lines; a plain smoothed neck between decorated rim and body areas; 

 use of both notched and smooth rockers and stamps ; rocker roughened 

 vessel surfaces, all over or nearly so. Clay tempering, which pre- 

 dominates at Crooks, is rare or absent at Renner. 



Most of the Marksville Stamped vessels seem to be much closer to 

 the small or medium jars at Renner, such as are shown on plate 8, a. 

 Ford and Willey (1940, p. 65) state that the hardness of Marksville 

 Stamped at Crooks averages 2, and that the ware is soft when wet. 

 At Renner the small jars are much harder and do not crumble easily 

 even after immersion. There is apparently nothing in the Marksville 

 horizon that in size and shape would parallel the large utility jars 

 characteristically associated with the "Marksville period" rim type 

 and with rocker-roughening at Renner. 



Brief mention only need be made concerning other resemblances. 

 Ford and Willey (1940, p. 108 and fig. 48/) report a small, conical, 

 unperforated stone object from Crooks somewhat reminiscent of the 

 clay and limestone cones found in pit 12 at Renner. They also de- 

 scribe fragments of baked clay figurines and curved base monitor 

 pipes of pottery. This recalls the pottery bird from Renner; and 

 even more, the clay pipe fragment and broken bust from the Trow- 

 bridge site near Renner. The chipped stone industry at Crooks is 

 much less varied than at Renner; common forms include chipped 

 celts, drill points, and heavy stemmed projectile points. Such wide- 

 spread and probably nondiagnostic items as ground celts, deer ulna 

 awls, and red ochre are further shared. 



We have already indicated that in several important respects the 

 pottery complex at Renner apparently tends to parallel that at Ohio 

 Hopewell sites. It approaches still more closely the ceramic tradi- 

 tion at Hopewellian sites in Fulton County, 111., particularly where 

 specific technologic and artistic details are concerned. Also, the pres- 

 ence of small chipped flint disks, large stemmed projectile points 



