260 BULLETIK 1S3, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSJIUM 



In attempting to arrive at the stature of this group we may average 

 the computed statures for all the long-bones. By this means we get 

 a little more than 165 cm. for males and in excess of 159 cm. for fe- 

 males. Of stature in the Turner group Hoot on says (1922, p. 126) : 

 "The females are estimated at 157 cm. in stature and the males at 

 164.8 cm. The sex ratio is unreasonably low (1.049)." 



STEED-KISKER SERIES (MIDDLE MISSISSIPPI) 



The whole long-bones recovered from this site are greater in number 

 than those from the mounds, but still unsatisfactory on statistical 

 grounds and much more fragile. Like the skulls from the same site 

 these bones are almost completelv free from rodent tooth marks. 



Patholvgy. — The distal ends of two tibiae, probably a pair (skeleton 

 78, U.S.N.M. Xo. 379136), show osteitis such as is generally believed 

 to be the result of syphilis. "\Miether this small number of patho- 

 logical bones indicates a low incidence of syphilis in this group is 

 uncertain in view of the poor state of preservation of the skeletal mate- 

 rial in this cemetery. 



Hooton has listed individual pathological bones in the ^fadison- 

 ville series without, however, indicating whether any are from the 

 snme skeleton (1920, p. 131) : 



Humeri. In two subjects the humeri show signs of moderate osteoperi- 

 ostitis. . . . 



Radii. Moderate osteoperiostitis was observed in three cases, both sides be- 

 ing affected in two of the subjects. 



llnac. . . . Three other subjects show moderate to pronojiinced osteoperios- 

 titis affecting both ulnae in two instances. In the third only the right ulna is 

 preserved and the disease has affected the distal half of the bone. 



Femora. ... In three other subjects moderate osteoi>eriostitis has affected the 

 distal halves of the femora. 



Tibiae. ... In nine individuals inflammatory changes have taken place in 

 the tibinl shafts, ranging from slight localized periostitis to extensive osteo- 

 l>eriostitis affecting the entire shaft. 



Langdon (18S1). in an earlier study of other material from Madison- 

 ville, also fails to mention the number of individuals affected by this 

 disease condition, although he pictures and describes some bones thus 

 affected. Since Hooton examined 99 adult and subadult skeletons and 

 Langdon examined 662 skeletons of all ages, it does not appear that 

 syphilis was very common at Madisonville. 



Measurements. — The long-bones available for measurement consist 

 of 18 femora (11 male, 7 female), 8 tibiae (all male), 3 humeri (all 

 male), and 1 radius (male). Sexing is difficult in some cases because 

 the proximal and distal ends are damaged. Lidividual measurements 

 are given in tables 19 and 20. 



Only male femora are sufficiently numerous to justify detailed com- 



