IlL 



158 BIEDS OF EGYPT. 



Entire head and neck purplisli black ; wings and tail black, 

 with green and purple reflections ; remainder of the plumage 

 pale pink ; basal half of the beak black, remainder yellowish 

 brown ; legs pale brown ; irides dark brown. 



Entire length 8" 5 inches ; culmen 0*8 ; wing, carpus to 

 tip, 5*1 ; tarsus 1"2. 



Fig. Gould, B. of Eur. pi. 212. 



Pam. CORVIDiE. 



130. CoRvus UMBRiNUs, Hedenborg. Brown-necked Haven. 



This Raven is very plentiful throughout Egypt and Nubia. 

 It prefers desert and rocky districts to the more cultivated 

 parts, and may frequently be seen near the Pyramids, on 

 which it yearly builds. Like the Common Raven it nests 

 both on rocks and trees, in the latter instance usually select- 

 ing the crown of some lofty date-palm. It is essentially a 

 desert-bird, and therefore not to be met with in the Delta. 



Entire plumage blue-black, except the feathers of the head 

 and neck, which are brown almost approaching to black. 

 Legs and beak black ; irides very dark brown. 



Entire length 22*5 inches ; culmen 2'6 ; wing, carpus to 

 tip, 15'8 ; tarsus 2"6. 



131. CoRvus AFFiNis, Riipp. Abi/ssinian Haven. 



This small species of Raven is a resident in Egypt and 

 Nubia, but is rather uncommon. 1 have seen a specimen 



