346 AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 



the individual scale (fig. 109, 8) elongated and fringed with 

 short hairs at the sides. The anal siphon is four to four and 

 one-half times as long as broad at the base and tapers evenly 

 toward the apex. It is creamy white in color, with the apex 

 brownish; the lateral rows of spines are entirely wanting but 

 the surface is set with numerous long hairs which are scattered 

 unevenly (fig. 109, 7). The ninth segment is almost square with 

 tufts of long hair on the apical margin and two small processes 

 representing the gills. 



Habits of the Early Stages. 



' My first acquaintance with the insect began in late Novem- 

 ber, 1900, when Mr. J. Turner Brakeley called my attention to 

 the fact that, in the pitcher plants in the swamps surrounding 

 his cranberry bogs at Lahaway, there were what he thought 

 mosquito larvse. The matter did not interest me very strongly 

 at the time. I verified the fact that they were mosquito larvae 

 and, because that species was common about there, I assumed that 

 it was pimgens (pipiens). Dr. Howard's pamphlet on mosquitoes 

 had been not long since published, and the larvae in the leaves of 

 the plant fitted to his pictures and description sufficiently well. 

 As Cidex pipiens breeds everywhere, it did not strike me as- 

 especiall}' odd that the larvae should be in the leaf pitchers, and 

 I assumed that they were, probably, present in the bog holes and 

 ditches as well. 



In reply to the question, what will become of these larvae, I' 

 informed Mr. Brakeley that Culex pipiens hibernated as an adult ; 

 that the larvae are dependent upon atmospheric air and that: 

 these specimens would undoubtedly die when the winter fairly 

 set in. Mr. Brakeley looked unconvinced; but said nothing at 

 the time. 



Though the weather was yet mild, mosquitoes were no longer 

 obtrusive. There were occasional specimens to be sure, but they 

 seemed to be left-overs, not yet in hibernating condition. The 

 species, unfortunately, was not determined ; I was not yet, at that 

 time, a mosquito crank. The interesting point was that in every 

 leaf examined there were wrigglers, varying in size from an- 

 eighth to a quarter inch in length. There was always a mass 

 of insect fragments at the bottom, say from one-half to an inch 

 in depth, and in composition this varied from a dense black 

 ooze at the lowest point to entire or only partly decayed speci- 

 mens at the top of the mass. 



The matter dropped here until January, 1901, when Mr. 

 Brakeley, who believes that nature wastes nothing, not everu 



