REPORT ON MOSQUITOES. 387 



area, where mosquitoes breed in great numbers. The nearest 

 point to which this can be drained is the Hackensack River, 400 

 feet away. It is a question whether turning it into a permanent 

 salt pond would not be cheaper. From this point southward to 

 the end the meadow is low. co\-ered at ordinary high tides and 

 every pool contains fish. Alosquito breeding under such condi- 

 tions is impossible. 



The third section is that area extending north and south from 

 the race-track road to the Pennsylvania Railroad, and east and 

 west from the Hackensack River to the highland. A bad place 

 for breeding was found in the old race-track grounds. A creek 

 wide and deep runs by this place less than 300 feet away, and this 

 can be used as an outlet for drainage ditches — very little work 

 really, is needed. On the west side of this creek is another lit 

 tie breeding area which can be easily treated by nmning a few 

 ditches into the Hackensack River. North from the race-track 

 breeding places may be found for a distance of about 1,000 feet 

 and then comes a stretch of cat-tails and sedge in which no larvae 

 were found. This continues nearly tO' the line of the Pennsyl- 

 vania Railroad, along which there are a number of bad places. 

 All these places can be drained into a deep, good creek that runs 

 into the Hackensack River. Very little work would be recpiired 

 to clean out this section. 



The fourth section or area lies between the Pennsylvania Rail- 

 road and Penhorn Creek. Breeding places were found between 

 the Pennsylvania and the D., L. and W. Railroads, but drainage 

 here is easy, and only a few ditches directly into the Hackensack 

 River are required. All the rest of the meadow land up to the 

 County Road where it crosses Penhorn Creek is overgrown with 

 cat-tails and other high grasses, but no more breeding places were 

 found. There is plenty of water among these cat-tails, but prac- 

 tically no mosquito life. Three of the collectors have been over 

 this area, not once, but several times under varying conditions 

 and seasons, and while an occasional wriggler is found after 

 hours of search, it is fair to say that this entire cat-tail area does 

 not produce as many mosquitoes as a ten-foot breeding hole on 

 the salt marsh would do. Furthermore, the larvae found here are 

 not of the salt marsh species, but seem to be pipicns or rcstuans. 

 I have elsewhere emphasized the importance of recognizing these 

 cat-tail marshes as safe areas, since it eliminates a very large 

 stretch of what has been heretofore considered bad breeding ter- 

 ritory. 



The fifth section or area lies between the County Road and 

 Paterson Avenue, and between Paterson Avenue and Gran ton. 



