REPORT ON MOSQUITOES. 389 



Another breeding place was found out from the Bay View- 

 Cemetery, and the larvae there collected were all soUicifans. 

 There is a good creek here, and into this and the New York Bay 

 ditches can be- run, sufficient to rid the place of mosquitoes, for 

 a very small outlay. 



It should be noted in this connection that any place that will 

 breed sollicitans will breed ccmtafor also, and whichever happens 

 to be the dominant salt marsh species for the time being is the 

 one that will be found. 



The last area examined lies between Claremont, Lafayette and 

 Communipaw. In this territory there are lots of breeding places, 

 but not of the salt marsh species. Most of the larvae found there 

 were pipiens, which were located very handily for getting into 

 houses not far off. Anopheles also breeds in these places later 

 in the season. In this vicinity cellar fumigation during the win- 

 ter would produce excellent results and would throw back the 

 appearance of the house pest toward the very end of the season. 



It is possible to drain this territory into the Morris Canal, but 

 filling is better, and the place is now actually used as a dump, so 

 that its period of existence is probably limited. 



/. THE NEWARK BAY PROBLEM AS A WHOLE. 



Jersey City, Newark and Elizabeth, with the smaller cities 

 and towns contiguous to or near by, make an aggregation of 

 considerably more than half a million people. Millions of dol- 

 lars are invested in manufacturing industries in the cities them- 

 selves and along the rivers and bays upon which they border. 

 Many more millions are invested in suburbs like the Oranges, 

 Montclair, along the Hackensack and Passaic Rivers and along 

 the Palisades. And all these inhabitants in all these properties 

 are e\'ery summer fighting and condemning the mosquitoes bred 

 on the marshes described under the headings the Jersey City 

 Problem, the Newark Problem, the Elizabeth Problem, and the 

 Kearney Problem. Roughly speaking, they are the meadows 

 that border the Newark Bay and extend up and between the 

 Hackensack and Passaic Rivers to the point where the salt 

 marsh changes to a cattail marsh where no migratory mosquitoes 

 breed. 



It has been made sufficiently clear that while there are many 

 local points where mosquitoes breed inland, the bulk of the sup- 

 ply consists of the migratory forms. 



It is the universal testimony that, but for the presence of the 

 mosquitoes, property in most, of the suburban places would 



