REPORT ON MOSQUITOES. 431 



ditches each over a mile long, three feet wide and three feet deep 

 to serve as outlets for lateral drains through the intervening terri- 

 tory. This is the worst and most extensive breeding area on 

 Barnegat Bay and supplies swarms for the inland as well as some 

 to drift over the bay and reach the shore strip. 



The stretch from Manahawken Creek to Mill Creek is another 

 bad area on which breeding is continuous down close to A'lana- 

 hawken Bay. There are two good creeks on this meadow, how- 

 ever, which simplif}' the drainage problem and will serve to 

 receive the ditches. Alanahawken Bay is also available for this 

 purpose. 



The cedar swamps at Manahawken are as free from mos- 

 quito breeding places as those further north, and no larvae what- 

 ever were taken in them. 



The islands in Barnegat Bay are all free from breeding places 

 except Clam Island, which has a few places. Very little work 

 would be necessary here, however, to clean out the entire area 

 and make it permanently safe. 



Many breeding places have been created by the Central Rail- 

 road from Barnegat Park to Barnegat, and just as many by the 

 Tuckerton Railroad from Barnegat to Manahawken. Inspec- 

 tions were made along both roads and many of the places where 

 dirt was dug to make the railroad embankments are now filled 

 with surface water and breed fresh water species like Ciilcx syl- 

 vestris, canadensis and the Anopheles species. The ground here 

 has a clay subsoil which holds water a long time and, indeed, un- 

 til! it evaporates. The only thing to be done here is to refill the 

 places. 



Mr. Grossbeck also explored the Cedar swamp area near Man- 

 ahawken in a search for the larva of Culex pertiirbans which was 

 believed to breed there; but his report is the same as Mr. 

 Brehme's ; no mosquitoes breed in the Cedar swamps and the 

 adults found there are either solUcitans around the edges and in 

 the more open portions, or cantator in the more dense, darker 

 places. 



From these reports it appears that Barnegat Bay well deserves 

 its reputation as a mosquito breeder and that along the beach the 

 problem is more complicated and difficult than in any other part 

 of the shore. On the land side, however, the simplest kind of 

 drainage suffices except at Manahawken. Some of the breeding 

 areas are so prolific that even a little work would produce marked 

 good results. 



