462 THE DIVING lilUDS — 1'YUOPODES. 



5. Cepphus. Size medium (wing about 6.50 to 7.- r )0). 

 c a . Hill exceedingly variable in form, but never curved abruptly at the tip, always (except 

 in Cerorhyncka) much Bhorter than the head, the gonydeal angle much nearer the base 

 than the tip of the mandible (except in Synthliboraimphus). 

 d 1 . Distance from anterior border of nasal fossse to nearest feathering one fourth, or 

 less than one fourth, of the distance from the same point to the tip of the maxilla. 

 (Brachyrampfa ".) 

 (i. Brachyiamphus. Tarsi reticulate in front, not longer than the maxillary tomium (meas- 

 ured to base of horny portion) ; bill moderately compressed, the depth through the base 



decidedly less than one half the culmen. Size small (winy less than 6.00 inches). 



7. Synthliboramphua. Tarsi scutellate in front, much longer than the maxillary tomium ; 



bill much compressed, the depth through the base much more than half the culmen. Size 

 of Brachyramphus. 



il'-. Distance from anterior border of nasal fosses to nearest feathering' one half, or more, 

 the distance from the same point to the tip of the maxilla. (Phalerem.') 



8. Ciceronia. Bill small, without accessory pieces, except a small compressed knob at the 



base of the culmen in the breeding-season. Head without crests, but ornamented (in 

 the adult) with white acicular feathers over frontal and Loral regions. Size smallest 

 of the Alcidre (wing less than t.00 inches) 

 S). Phaleria. Similar to Ciceronia, but culmen destitute of knob, even in breeding-season, the 

 head ornamented with a long, slender, recurved crest on the fore part of the crown, sev- 

 eral long, slender, whitish filaments springing from above the eve, a postocular scries of 

 lone;, slender, pointed, white feathers, and a similar series crossing the cheeks. Size a 

 little larger than Ciceronia (wing about 4.50 inches). 



10. Simorhynchus. In the breeding-season: Covering of the bill complicated by the fol- 

 lowing accessory pieces, all of which are shed before winter: base of mandibular rami 



developed into a prominent broad plate, curving upward to the rictus ; base of maxillary 



tomia developed into a large semicircular concave plate. A frontal recurved crest, as 



iii Phaleris, but no other ornaments except a postocular line of narrow, pointed, white 

 feathers. In winter: Bill simple, as iii Phalli!*. Size larger (wing 5.00 inches or 

 more). 



11. Cyclorhyiichiis. Hill without accessory pieces ; much compressed, very deep, with 



rounded outlines, the depth through the base equal to the chord of the culmen ; the 

 latter decidedly convex ; mandible falcate, or strongly recurved, and sharp-pointed. A 

 single line of pointed white feathers behind the eye. Size of Si nimh i/iickus. 



12. Ptychoramphus. Bill without supernumerary pieces, and head without ornamental 

 feathers. Bill elongate-conical, the maxilla much l.roader than deep at the base ; cnliueii 

 nearly Straight, and gouys likewise little curved, but decidedly ascending from the men- 

 tal angle. Nasal fo Be \er\ large (occupying nearly the basal half of the mandible). 

 Size .-mall (wing about 5.00 inches). 



13. Cerorhyncha. Hill large and much compressed, nearly as long as the head, height 

 nearly half the length, the culmen strongly curved, the gonys slightly concave, the men- 

 tal angle being very prominent. Cere surmounted in the breeding-season by a prominent 



vertical compressed knob or horn. Adult with a postocular and mystacial scries of 

 narrow, pointed white feathers. Size large (wing about 7.00 inches). 

 B. Inner claw much larger and more strongly curved than the others. A tumid ''rosette" at 

 the angle of the month. 

 Sub-family Fraterci i.in.i:. Bill excessively compressed, its depth at the base nearly or quite 



equal to the chord of the culmen, the terminal half transversely grooved, the hasal 



portion ornamented in the breeding-season bj a greater or less number of supernumerary 



deciduous pieces. 



14. Fratercula. Deciduous nasal shield, rapidh diminishing in width toward the top; 

 hasal outline of the mandible concave ; maxillary sulci and anterior outline of the nasal 

 shield with the concave sides posterior; terminal half of mandible obliquely sulcate ; 

 eyelids furnished with deciduous horny plates ; head not tufted. 



