48G 



THE DIYINC BIRDS — PYGOPODES. 



northward. On the Pacific side the typical form replaced by the arra (Prybilof Islands, Kadiak, 

 Aleutians, Kamtschatka, etc.). 



a. Lomvia. 



Sp. Char. Adult, breeding-plumage: Entire upper parts, including pilcum and nape, glossy 

 fuliginous-black, the secondaries narrowly tipped with white ; sides and under part of head and 

 neck rich velvety dark snuff-brown, shading gradually into the black above it. Lower parts con- 

 tinuous white, ending anteriorly, on the juguluni, in an obtuse angle, extending a greater or less 



distance into the dark brown of the fore- 

 neck ; outer webs of exterior feathers of the 

 sides and flanks broadly edged with sooty 

 black. Bill uniform deep black, the basal 

 half of the maxillary tomiuni plumbeous, 

 sometimes conspicuously light colored ; iris 

 brown ; legs and feet dusky brown in the 

 dried skin. Winter plumage : Whole throat, 

 foreneck, auricular region, and sides of the 

 occiput white, the upper border of the au- 

 riculars crossed by a narrow blackish stripe ; 

 white latero-occipital space and lower part 

 of foreneck, faintly mottled transversely 

 with dusky. Upper parts as in the summer 

 plumage. Young: Similar to the winter 

 plumage, but without white on the sides of 

 the occiput. Downy young: Fuliginous- 

 dusky, the lower parts white centrally, 

 shading exteriorly into smoky grayish ; head and neck variegated with irregular pale smoky bull' 

 streaks ami filamentous downy tufts of the same color. 



Total length, about 18.50 inches; extent, 30.00 to 32.00; wing, 7.45-8 80 (average, 1 8.24); 

 culmen, 1.4(1-1.50 (1.45); gonys, .75-.90 (.83); depth of bill, through angle, .52-.58 (.55); tarsus, 

 1.40-1.55 (1.45); middle toe, without claw, 1.65-1.75 (1.70). 



h. Arra. 



Sp. ( 'iiar. Precisely similar in colors, in all stages of plumage, to typical lomvia, but decidedly 

 larger in all its measurements, and with the maxillary tomiuni less distinctly light colored toward 

 the base. 



U. bun 



plumage. 



r.lnmria arra. 



Wing, 8.15-0.25 inches (average, 8.71); culmen, 1.45-1.75 (1.65); gonys, .85-1.00 (.92); depth 

 of bill through angle, .55-6(1 (.58); tarsus, 1.45-1.60 (1.51); middle toe, without claw, 1.70-1.90 

 (1.81). 



Though by many the Briinnicli's Guillemot has been regarded as merely a local 

 race of the common species, it has id' late become generally regarded as having good 

 claims to be considered a distinct species. It appears to have to a large degree the 

 same distribution as has the troile, and so far as it has been observed, the same habits. 



1 Of eight adult examples. 



