ALCID.E — THE AUKS — FRATERCULA. 



529 



Fratercula corniculata. 



THE HORNED PUFFIN. 



Mormon comiculatum, X.U'M. Isis, 1821, 782, pi. 7, ligs. 3, 4 (Kamtschatka). — Cass, in Baird's 



B. X. Am. 1S58, 902. — Baird, Cat. X. Am. B. 1859, no. 713. — Dall & Bannist. Tr. I :hicago 



Ar. I. I860, 308. 

 Ltiiiiln wrctica, Pall. Zoog. Rosso-As. II. 1826, 865 (part). 

 Fratercula corniculata, Gray, Gen. B. III. 1849,637, pi. 174. —Curios, Pr. Ac, Nat. Sci. Philad. 



186S, 24 ; Key, 1872, 340 ; Check List, 1873, no. 617 ; ed. 2, 1882, no. 853 ; Elliott's Alaska, 



1875, 202. — Rincw. Norn. N. Am. B. 1881, no. 744. 

 Mormon glacialis, Am. Orn. Biog, III. 1835, 599, pi. 293, fig. 1 ; B. Air. VII. 1844, 230, pi. 463 



(notof Leach). —Gould, B Eur. V. 1837, pi. 404. 



Hab. Coasts and islands of the Ninth Pacific, from Kamtschatka to Sitka. 



Sp. Char. Adult, breeding-plwmage : Pileum uniform drab or grayish brown ; entire side oi 

 the head, including a broad superciliary stripe, white ; lower part of neck (all round), with entire 

 upper parts, uniform deep black, the throat more fuliginous, and changing to smoky gray toward 

 the base of the mandible. Entire lower part-, except as described, plain white, the. lining of the 

 wing uniform smoky gray. Soft eye-horns brownish black, with a delicate silky gloss ; naked 

 eye-ring vermilion ; tip of bill, to between 2d and 3d groove, salmon-red along culmen and gonys, 



I ulata, swmm 



elsewhere brownish red ; base of bill very light and bright chrome-yellow, the tumid rosette at 

 the corner of the mouth bright orange, as is also the interior of the month and the tongue ; iris 

 brownish gray ; feet intense vermilion-red during height of breeding-season, but much paler both 

 before and after. 1 Adult, in winter: Bill much broader through the middle portion than at the 

 base, the culmen being more or less arched just behind the middle portion ; destitute of the basal 

 shields ; the gonys horizontal and nearly straight for the basal half, then perfectly straight, and 

 forming a decided upward angle to the tip ; rictal rosette nearly obsolete, pale yellow, and super- 

 ciliary horn absent. Color of bill dark brownish, the terminal portion lighter, and tinged more 

 or less with orange-reddish. Side of head ash-gray, becoming sooty blackish on lores and orbital 



1 The Authors are under obligations to Dr. L. Stejneger for the privilege of consulting his notes and 

 colored drawings made from freshly killed specimens, and for his kind permission to make use of them 

 here. They are also indebted to him for much information concerning the perplexing transitions of plu- 

 mage and other particulars regarding various Alcidm which could only be known from a study of these 

 remarkable birds in their natural haunts. 

 vol. ii. — 07 



