FINCHES, SPARROWS, ETC. 273 



a. Throat and breast black, brown, or slate-color, sharply defined 

 from the white belly. 



ai. Breast black or brown ; sides rufous .... 587. Towhee. 

 a'^. Breast slate-color; sides the same, or brownish. 



567. JuNco. 567^. Cabolina Junco. 



b. Throat and belly more or less yellow or ashy. 

 Ji. Wing over 4-00 ; bill stout, greenish yellow. 



514. Evening Grosbeak. 

 b^. Bill small and sharp; back brown; throat yellowish. 



529. Goldfinch ( 9 and im.). 

 b^. Body bright yellow, cap black . . 529. Goldfinch ( $ ad.). 



c. Under parts pure white, middle of back black. 



534. Snowflake. 

 £. Back streaked with black, brown, or v/hite. 



a. Bend of the wing yellow ; tail under 2-20. 



546. Grasshopper Sparrow. 



b. Breast black or blackish ; lesser wing-coverts reddish brown. 



539. McCown's Longspur $. 



m 



c. Breast huffy ; belly whitish ; outer tail-feathers white, next three 

 or four more or less white with a black band at the end ; seconda- 

 ries not entirely white 539. McCown's Longspur 9 . 



d. Under parts entirely light brown or butfy, only two outer tail- 

 feathers white; no yellow on the bend of the wing. 



537. Smith's Longspur. 



e. Under parts pure white, with a blackish spot on the center of the 

 breast, a black stripe on the sides of the throat ; sides of the 

 crown and ear-coverts chestnut .... 552. Lark Sparrow. 



/, Wing slightly over 4-00 ; under parts pure white or washed with 

 rusty ; head and rump white or rusty ; most of secondaries white. 



534. Snowflake. 

 , Tail without large white spots or patches. 

 A. Back plain, without distinct streaks. 



a. Back blue, bluish, or brownish blue. 



a^. Wing over 3-00 ; lesser wing-coverts chestnut or with broad 

 chestnut tips 597. Blue Grosbeak. 



a^. Wing under 3-00 ; lesser wing-coverts blue or bluish, tipped 

 with light brown 598. Indigo Bunting. 



b. Back green or greenish, or rump yellow or greenish yellow. 

 b^. Mandibles not crossed. 



b^. Back greenish 601. Fainted Bunting ? . 



b^. Back and under parts slaty gray ; bill black. 



515. Pine Grosbeak ( 9 and im.). 

 b*. Forehead, rump, under parts, and scapulars yellow or brown- 

 ish yellow; secondaries white; bill yellow. 



514. Evening Grosbeak i . 

 c^. Mandibles crossed. 

 f3. Wing-bars white .... 522. White-winged Crossbill. 



c^. Without white wing-bars 521. Am. Crossbill. 



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