or black) spot of oval or some such sbape, towards the costal niai'gin, a 



little or considerably beyond the middle of the wing, bounded usually by 



the auxiliary and 1st longitudinal veins. This is the stigma in the most 



ordinary sense of the word, as nsed by system atists. (ii) Four very 



small apertures, easily overlooked, generally situated each at the bottom 



of a small pit, are termed the prothoracic and nictatboracic stigmata 



respectively. The former are placed, one on each side, below tlie 



shoulders towards the front; the latter, immediately in front of the 



lialteres. The prothoracic stigma is by some called the mesotlioracic. 



These stigmata or spiracles serve for the admission of aiv to the 



respiratory system. 



Style. — Used in two senses : (i) The elongate, conical, blunt or pointed solid 



appendix to the ultimate joint of the antenna^, as opposed to the arista 



{q. v.). (ii) Osten Sacken's name for "a single inmovable styliform 



organ," visible ini uiediately below the genital organs in Limnobiini. Not 



seen in other groups in the same form, but replaced by the aculcus, "a 



slender, horny, often curved and pointed piece, which is entirely 



concealed when the forceps is closed and projected when it is open" 



{Oiitcn Sacl'cn). 



Suha2}ical cell, -i 



c 1 , J n \ See pp. 8 and 13. 



Subcostal cell. J ^^ 



Subcostal vein. — Strictly, tlio vein below the costa, wliich in the present work 



is called the auxiliary vein (after Osten Sacken and many recent 



authors). Verrall and some others aj^ply the term to the 1st longitudinal 



vein. 

 Submaryinal cell. — See pp. 8 and 13. 

 Siipra-alar ffi-oovc. — A groove on the mesothorax just above the base of tlie 



wing, short and often indistinct. In bristly species, important bristles 



are often situated there. 

 Suture. — A general term for an impressed line. The principal sutures are the 



tirnisuerse (p. 5), on the thoracic dorsum, and the pleural (p. 5), on the 



sides of the thorax. 



Tanystoma. — Brauer's superfamily name, adopted also by various other 



authors, for the Tabanid.e and Leptid.e. 

 Tarsus. — Tiie tliird and ultimate of the conspicuous divisions of the legs, 



always of five distinct though often closely applied joints, of wliich the 



first is called the metatarsus, the next is the 2nd, and so on, the Dth 



bearing the feet. 

 Tawny. — A pale brownish yellow colour varying in intensity, approximately of 



the colour of a lion. 

 Tegulm. — See Squama. 

 Teryite. — The plates, or sclerites, on the upper surface of an insect ; here more 



especially applied to the upper half of an abdominal segment, these 



being numbered in rotation, beginning with that one nearest the 



thorax. 

 Tergum. — The upper surface of an insect. 

 Testaceous. — Technically brick-red, according: to handbooks on colour, but my 



personal opinion is that most authors have used it for what may be 



better described as " reddish yellow.'' 



