550 RHYPHID.i:. 



Genus RHYPHUS, Latr. 



Sylvicola, Harris, Expos. Engl. Ins. p. 104 (1776). 



Anisopus, Meigeu, lUig. Mag. ii, p. 264 (1803). 



Rhyphus, Latreille, Hist. Nat. Crust, et Ins. xiv, p. 291 (1804). 



Ge:n^otype, Tipula fenestralis, Scop. 



Head nearly liemispherictil. Eyes large, bare, nearly round; 

 contiguous in the male, widely separated in the female. Ocelli 

 distinctly present. Proboscis moderately prominent, with small 

 labella; 'palpi rather long, four-jointed, the 2nd joint the longest 

 and broadest. Antennae about as long as the thorax, 16-jointed ; 

 the two basal or scapal joints differentiated ; those of the flagellum 

 cylindrical, moderately short, placed rather closely together, 

 shortly pubescent. Thorcuv arched, oval, with but little pubescence. 

 Scutellum semicircular, short and broad; metanotum well de- 

 veloped. Abdomen somewhat flattened, subcylindrical, of seven 

 segments. Genitalia hardly prominent. Legs slender but com- 

 paratively long, nearly bare, unspined ; tibire without apical spurs, 

 or at most the hind pair with very small ones; metatarsus 

 lengthened, empodia pad-like, pulvilli absent. Wings compara- 

 tively large and broad, folded over the abdomen in repose. 

 Auxiliary vein ending about the middle of the wing ; the 1st and 

 2nd longitudinal veins both ending at short distances beyond, all 

 terminating in the costa, the 1st nearly parallel to the auxiliary, 

 the 2nd trisinuate, originating some distance before the middle of 

 the wing (in li. macidipennis, AVulp, only very shortly before the 

 middle) ; the 3rd vein emerges from the 2nd at a little beyond 

 the base, being gently bisiuuate or nearly straight and ending at 

 or before the tip of the wing ; anterior cross-vein very short but 

 distinct, always above the middle of the discal cell ; the 4tli vein 

 with both branches forked, the upper one at the outer corner of 

 the discal cell, the lower branch at or before the middle of that 

 cell, which latter is six-sided ; the cell twice or three times as 

 long as wide, the four endings of the 4th longitudinal vein gently 

 divergent or parallel ; the 5th vein sinuate beyond the posterior 

 cross-vein which is always placed just beyond the fork of the lower 

 branch of the 4th vein ; 6th vein gently carved or nearly straight ; 

 7th rather short, nearly straight. 



Life-history. The works of Keaumur,* Latreille and Dufour t 

 may be consulted on this subject, and es])ecially that of the more 

 recent writer Perris,j who describes the larva and pupa of 

 Ii. fenestrcdis, 8cop. 



The larva lives in decomposing damp vegetable matter and is 

 about 10 millim. long (Dufour said 14 to 15), apodal, cylindrical, 

 s mooth and shining dirty white in colour. It is of thirteen segments. 



* Memoires pour serv. a Thist. des iiisectes (1734-42). 



t Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (2) vii, p. 195, pi. vii, pt. 3, figs. 1-7 (1849). 



j Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (4) x, p. 190, pi. ii, figs. 54-61 (1870). 



