ALAUDID^. 



17 



6". Culmen curved ; bill not Finch- 

 like, 

 a''. Crown more crested ; bill 

 slighter. 

 a^. Patches of white on the 

 wings and on the ends of 

 the five outer pairs of tail 



feathers 



6*. No white on wings, pale 



pattern of tail confined to 



the two outer pairs of 



features. 



a^. Crest longer .... 



b^. Crest shorter .... 



6'. Crown less crested; bill 



rather stout 



d^ Bastard primary small, shorter 

 than the culmen. 

 c^. Secondaries reaching nearly or 

 quite to the tip of the wing. 

 c''. Bill moderate, culmen shorter 

 than middle toe with claw . 

 d'. Bill stout, culmen longer 

 than middle toe with claw . 

 d^. Secondaries falling short of tip 

 of wing by length of tarsus . . 

 b. Wing of nine primaries only, the bastard 

 primary being absent. 

 c'' . No elongated black hornlets on sides of 

 head ; secondaries not falling short of 

 tip of wing by so much as the length of 

 the tarsus. 

 e^. Secondaries reaching nearly or quite to 

 tip of wing. 

 e^. Crown mostly bright chestnut in 



adults 



/3. No bright chestnut on the crown . . 



/2. Secondaries falling short of tip of wing by 



more than half the length of the tarsus. 



d^. Adults with black hornlets on sides of 



head ; secondaries falling short of tip of 



wing by more than length of tarsus . . 



(Lullula) 



Galebita. 

 Heliocokys. 



Calendula. 



Alauda. 



pseudal.emon. 



Melanocobypha. 



Tephrocoeys. 

 Calandeella. 



Alaudula. 



Otocoeys. 



fJanuai-y 1902 



