MIRAFRA NIVOSA. 33 



k'' . Eufous of primaries never crosses 

 the inner webs and very seldom the 

 outer webs. 

 l^. Upper tail-coverts like the mantle 

 in colour. 

 e^. Tail with the shafts of pen- 

 ultimate feathers dark, and the 

 white pattern smaller, 

 c'. Hind claw abnormally long . hova. ( I 

 d'' . Hind claw not abnormally 

 long. 

 a^. Darker and larger ; wing 



3'3 fringillaris. > - 



b^. Paler and smaller ; wing 



3-0 cantillans. (V 



f^. Tail with shafts of penultimate 

 feathers white, and the white 

 pattern larger, 

 e'. Above mottled with rufous 



brown edges to the feathers . chiniana. (, ^j"^ 

 p. Above mottled with grey 



edges to the feathers . . . alhicauda. i ^ 

 m=. Upper tail-coverts unlike the 

 mantle in colour. 

 g'^. Upper tail-coverts and sides of 

 centre tail-feathers cinnamon ; 

 pale pattern of tail rufous . buckleyi. ^ ? 

 h'^. Upper tail-coverts ashy. 



g '' . Centre tail - feathers with 

 broad cinnamon edges ; pale 

 pattern of tail white . . . angolensis. ■> f 

 h''. Eump and sides of centre 

 tail-feathers ashy grey ; pale 

 pattern of tail yellowish 



brown nigrescens. h J 



A black collar across the middle of the throat ; 

 back mostly cinnamon ; upper tail-coverts 

 grey ; entire base of quills rufous .... collaris. /^ 



Mirafra nivosa. 



Certhilauda nivosa, Swains. B. W. Afr. i. p. 213 (1837). 



Alaemon nivosa, Sharpe, Cat. B. M. xiii. p. 522 (1890) Lt. Nmnaqua, 

 Caim Col. ; Distant, Nat. Transvaal, p. 168 (1892) Pretoria ; Kuschel, 

 J. f. 0. 1895, p. 344 egg ; Shelley, B. Afr. I. No. 181 (1896) ; 



[January, 1902. 3 



