PYRRHULAUDA FRONTALIS. 79 



and September, at Machacho's and along the Athi river and 

 writes : " Seen in flocks at dusk, on old camp-grounds, roads, 

 or grassy plains." At the Athi river. Lord Delamere collected 

 a fine series in Octobei', November and February. 



Pyrrhulauda frontalis. 



Pyrrhulauda frontalis, Bp. Consp. i. p. 512 (1850) Nubia; Hartert, 



Kat. Vog. Mus. Seuck. p. 41 (1891) Kordofan. 

 Coraphites frontalis, Oust. Faun, and Flor. Comalis, Ois, p. 11 (1882) 



Somali. 

 Coraphites melanauchen, Cab. Mus. Hein. i. p. 124 (18.50). 

 Pyrrhulauda melanauchen, Sharpe, Cat. B. M. xiii. p. 655 (1890) Socotra, 



Abyssinia, S. Asia; id. P. Z. S. 1895, p. 472 Somali; Shelley, 



B. Afr. I. No. 231 (1896) ; Cholmley, Ibis, 1897, p. 206 Suakin ; 



Witherby, Ibis, 1901, p. 245 Khartoum; Grant, t. c. p. 286 Zeila ; 



Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1901, p. 303 Somali; Grant, Ibis, 1901, p. 630 



Somali. 

 Coraphites albifrons, Sundev. CEfv. K. Vet. Ak. Forh. Stockh. 1850, 



p. 127. 

 Pyrrhulauda afQnis and sincipitalis, Blyth, Ibis, 1867, p. 185 India. 



Adult male. Head and neck black, with the forehead, ear-coverts, and 

 a band below the nape white ; back and scapulars pale sandy brown with 

 a few faintly marked dark shaft-stripes. Wing above dark brown with 

 sandy buff edges to all the feathers, broadest on the coverts and inner 

 secondaries ; under surface dusky ash with partial buff inner edges to the 

 quills and the coverts black. Tail blackish brown with the centre feathers 

 paler and broadly edged with light sandy brown, and about half of the outer 

 feather dusky white. Throat and under surface of body black with a large 

 patch of white on the sides of the crop, some white on the flanks and the 

 outside of the thighs mottled with that colour. "Iris dark brown; bill 

 bluish white ; tarsi and feet greenish white " (Witherby). Total length 

 4-6 inches, culmen 0-4, wing 3-0, tail 2-0, tarsus 0-65. $ , 26. 1. 68. Zoulla 

 (Blanford). 



Adult female. Above pale sandy brown with a few dark shaft-stripes 

 on the crown ; back, wings and tail as in the males, only the axillaries and 

 under wing-coverts more dusky and the latter have a broad outer band of 

 buff; sides of head buff with pale brown shaft-stripes to the ear-coverts; 

 throat white ; under surface of body buff with a few brown shaft-stripes 

 on the crop. Total length 4'3 inches, wing 2-9, tail 1-8. S , 25. 1. 86. 

 Zoulla (Blanford). 



