108 GALERITA SENEGALENSIS. 



Galerita senegalensis. 



Alauda senegalensis, P. L. S. Miill. S. N. Suppl. p. 137 (1776) ; Reichen. 

 J. f. O. 1875, p. 42 Accra. 



Ptilocorys senegalensis, Madarasz, Mag. Madar. ii. p. 50, pi. 1 (1899). 



Alauda cristata (nee Linn.), Blanf. Geol. and Zool. Abyss, p. 387 (1870) 

 Abyssinia ; Barnes, Ibis, 1893 Aden. 



Galerita cristata, Heugl. Orn. N. 0. Afr. p. 680 (1870 pt.) ; Oust. Bibl. 

 Ec. Hautes Et. xxxi. art. 10, p. 8 (1886) Somali; Sharpe, Cat. Birds 

 B. M. xiii. p. 626 (1890 pt.) Senegavibia, Sierra Leone, Ahyssinia ; 

 Eendall, Ibis, 1892, p. 221 Gambia; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1895, p. 472 

 Somali; Shelley, B. Afr. I. No. 219 (1896); Lort Phillips, Ibis, 

 1898, p. 401 Somali; Hawker, Ibis, 1899, p. 65 Somali; Sharpe, 

 P. Z. S. 1901, p. 302 Somali; Grant, Ibis, 1901, p. 629 So77iali. 



Galerida cristata senegalensis, Hartert, Nov. Zool. 1901, p. 340 Nigeria. 



Adult. Above mottled ; sandy brown, with blackish brown centres to the 

 feathers; crest-feathers long, with very sharply marked blackish shaft-stripes ; 

 upper tail-coverts strongly washed with pale cinnamon. Tail : centre feathers 

 dark brown, with a rufous shade on the basal half ; outer pair of feathers 

 bright sandy buff, with a dusky wedge-shaped portion occupying half of the 

 inner web ; penultimate feather with the outer edge and the end sandy buff. 

 Wings : above brown, with pale sandy edges to the feathers, inclining to rufous 

 on the primary coverts and primaries ; under surface paler and more dusky, 

 with the coverts and broad inner edges of the quills buff. Sides of head 

 buff, mottled with brown on the hinder part of the ear-coverts and along the 

 sides of the upper throat ; sides of the upper neck and the under parts 

 generally huffy white ; lower throat and crop spotted with blackish brown, 

 and separated from the side of the neck by a fairly distinct patch of black ; 

 flanks slightly shaded with sandy brown and with some rather obscure 

 brown shaft-stripes. " Iris brown ; bill with the upper mandible dark 

 brown and the lower one pale brown ; tarsi and feet pale yellowish brown " 

 (Eeichenow). Total length 6-8 inches, culmen 0-6, wing 3 9, tail 2-4, tarsus 

 0-95. Gambia (Sir A. Moloney). 



Compared with the typical European G. cristata, G. senegalensis differs 

 in having the upper parts of a paler sandy shade, with the upper tail-coverts 

 and centre tail-feathers more sandy rufous ; the crest-feathers longer, and 

 with the dark shaft-stripes more sharply marked ; pale pattern of the two 

 outer pairs of tail-feathers larger and of a bright sandy-shaded buff. 



The Senegal Crested-Lark ranges from the Mediterranean 

 coast southward to the Niger and Somahland, and eastward 

 to China. 



