EMBERIZA MAJOR. 153 



The most northern known range for this species in West 

 Africa is the Lower Congo river, where specimens have been 

 collected by Bohndorff at Manyanga and Leopoldsville. A 

 little further south, in the Talla Magungo district of Aogola, 

 Schiitt procured the type of the species. In Benguela, 

 Anchieta records the species as abundant at Quindumbe and 

 known to the natives there as the " Bindabalamba." He also 

 met witli it at Caconda, but I cannot trace its range any 

 further south in Western Africa. 



The only specimen yet received to the south of the 

 Zambesi, is a male procured in September on the Hanyani 

 river (4,500 feet) by Mr. Guy Marshall, who considers these 

 birds to be scarce in Mashonaland, as he has seen the species 

 on only one other occasion, when he met with a flock of about 

 a dozen in May. He writes : " It appears to seek its food 

 entirely on the ground, in open bush, and is somewhat fearless 

 in its habits, allowing one to approach within a few yards 

 before rising, when it only flew for a short distance, settling 

 again abruptly at the base of a small tree or bush ; they seem 

 to perch rarely, and then only on low shrubs." 



To the north of the Zambesi these Bimtings are very 

 abundant and generally distributed over British Central Africa, 

 as specimens have been received in seven separate collections 

 from that country. On the Mozambique coast the species has 

 been obtained by Sir Augusto Cardosa at Cape Delgado. 

 Along the coast of German East Africa Sir John Kirk pro- 

 cured for me the type of Fringillaria orientalis at Mamboio, 

 and Dr. Stuhlmann has met with the species as far north as 

 the TJsambara country on the left bank of the Pangani river. 

 In the interior Emin has collected specimens in Ugogo. 



