250 FISCUS HUMERALIS 
Lanius uropygialis, Reichen. J. f. O. 1905, p. 560 Hast Africa ; 
Sjéstedt, Kilimandjaro-Meru Exped. Vog., p. 115. 
Fiscus collaris (non Linn.) Clarke, Ibis, 1904, p. 525 Bloemfontein and 
Upper Natal; Neave, Ibis, 1910, p. 226 Katanga and N.E. Rhodesia. 
Lanius collaris (non Linn.) L. E. Taylor, Journ. 8. Afr. Orn. Union, 
1906, p. 65 Transvaal; Stoehr and W. Sclater, ibid, p. 94 
N.E. Rhodesia ; C. H. Taylor, ibid. 1907, p. 19 Swaziland : 
Swynnerton, Ibis, 1907, p. 45 Gazaland. 
Adult male. Resembling in most respects F’. collaris, but the black of 
the back of a darker and more sooty shade, but not shiny as in F. smithi ; 
below white, sometimes faintly washed with tawny, but never with the grey 
vermiculation characteristic of F’. collaris ; tail-feathers very similar to those 
of F’. collaris, the outer pair being white, except for the bases, which are 
concealed by the coverts. Total length about 10:0, culmen 0°65, wing 3:7, 
tail 5-0, and tarsus 1:0. Harrar, g¢, 29. 12. 99 (Lovat). 
Adult female. Differs in having the chestnut patch on the flanks; the 
black of the back is less sooty and more brownish. Wing 3°60. Harrar ?, 
24, 11. 00 (Pease). 
Immature. Resembling that of F’. collaris. 
Stanley’s Fiscal Shrike ranges from Eritrea and northern 
Abyssinia through East Africa and Nyasaland to Natal. 
To the west it apparently intergrades with F. smithi, as an 
example collected by Emin at Makroka, in what is now the 
Lado enclave, has the back a more shiny black, and the white 
tips to the secondaries more strongly marked than in the 
typical F’. humeralis, but the outer tail-feathers are inter- 
mediate between those of F. humeralis and F. smithi. This 
is also the case with three Fiscal Shrikes from the Ruwenzori 
collection, which also appear to be intermediate between 
FE. smithi and F’. humeralis. There appears to be no constant 
distinction between the Fiscal Shrikes of Abyssinia, British 
East Africa, Nyasaland, and Natal. 
Reichenow distinguishes the East African Fiscai Shrikes 
as Lanius wropygialis, because the lower portion of the rump 
is white, and contrasts with the upper portion, but birds from 
Abyssinia, as well as those from Hast Africa and Nyasaland, 
vary considerably among each other in this respect. 
