ENNEOCTONUS COLLURIO : 281 
Lanius anderssoni, Strickl. and Sclat. in Jard. Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 145 
(1853) Damaraland. 
Lanius eruginosus, Heugl. Orn. N. O. Afr. p. 474 (1871). 
Lanius affinis (non Legge) Fisch. and Reichen. J. f. O. 1884, p. 261 
Lindi, D. O. A. 
Enneoctonus reichenowi, Shelley, Bull, B. O. C. iii. p. 42 (1894); id. B. 
Afr. i. No. 710 (1896) Lindi. 
Adult male. Forehead and sides of head above the gape black; crown 
and hinder half of neck clear grey, slightly darker on the neck and fading 
into white next to the black on the forehead and region of the eyes; mantle 
and wing-coverts bright cinnamon, and very narrow cinnamon outer edges 
to the other wing feathers, excepting the inner secondaries, which are mostly 
of that colour, with whitish terminal margins; inner edges of quills, 
axillaries and under wing-coverts white, the latter with a dusky patch next 
to the primaries; the back gradually shades into clear grey on the lower 
half and upper tail-coverts; tail, with the two centre feathers entirely black, 
the next pair are black, with a small white patch on their inner webs near 
the base; the remaining four pairs of feathers have their basal two-thirds 
entirely white, and white terminal margins, extending down on the outer 
pair only, over the entire exterior webs; under parts pale pink fading into 
white towards the chin, lower abdomen, thighs and under tail-coverts ; and 
into a deeper and more cinnamon shade on the flanks. Iris brown; bill 
horny black fading into yellowish flesh-colour towards the gape and basal 
half of lower mandible, but changing into black like the feet about the 
. month of April. Total length 7:0 inches, culmen 0°6, wing 3:55, tail 3:0, 
tarsus 0:95. Durban, g, 27. 3. 74 (Shelley). 
Adult female. Top of head and hinder half of neck brownish grey, with 
a more rufous shade on the crown, fading into buff on the front of forehead 
and lores; ear-coverts rufous, mantle and lesser wing-coverts greyish 
rufous, edges of the other feathers of the wing dull rufous inclining to buff 
on the inner secondaries which have white ends; lower back and upper tail- 
coverts slightly greyer than the mantle; tail rufous tinted brown with white 
terminal margins extending over the outer webs of the exterior pair of 
feathers; under parts buff with concentric dusky black bars on the sides and 
base of throat, chest and flanks. ‘Iris dusky ; bill light ashy brown, darker 
on culmen and tip ; tarsi and feet dusky ash” (T. Ayres). Wing 3:6 inches. 
Senafé, ?, 25. 4. 68 (Jesse). 
Immature. Similar to the adult female, but with the crown, rump and 
tail more rufous and the upper parts more barred. 
Our common Red-backed Shrike ranges over eastern and 
southern Africa generally ; it is absent from west Africa to the 
north of the Quanza River; but is widely distributed over 
