ENNEOCTONUS GUBERNATOR 285 
In Egypt, as I wrote in 1872, this bird comes early in 
August on its way south, and returns again in March or 
April, but is never plentiful. 
Most of the evidence seems to point to this bird being only 
a winter visitor to Africa. 
Enneoctonus gubernator. 
Lanius gubernator, Hartl. Orn. Centralbl. 1882, p. 91, pl. 1, fig. 2, 
Langomeri ; id. J. f. O. 1882, p. 323; Alexander, Ibis, 1902, p. 311 
Gold Coast Colony ; Grant, Noy. Zool. 1902, p. 472; Reichen. Vog. 
Afr, ii. p. 621 (1903). 
Enneoctonus gubernator, Shelley, B. Afr. i., No. 711 (1896). 
Subspecies a Enneoctonus striimpelli. 
Lanius gubernator striimpelli, Reichen. Orn. Monatsb. 1910, p. 8 
Adamawa ; id. Mittl. Zool. Mus. Berl. v., p. 223 (1911). 
Adult male. Front of forehead and sides of head above the gape jet 
black ; remainder of top of head and the hinder half of the neck pearl grey, 
shading into bright cinnamon on the whole of the back, upper tail-coverts, 
scapulars and edges of the inner half of the wing-feathers; remainder of 
the wings dark brown, with only a tinge of rufous on the outer edges and a 
fairly broad band of white across the bases of the four inner primaries form- 
ing a speculum; inner edges of quills inclining to rufous buff; axillaries and 
under wing-coverts whitish with a dull rufous patch next to the primaries ; 
tail mostly black, with white ends to the five outer pairs of feathers, this 
white extending down the outer edges of the three outer pairs of feathers, 
and over the whole of the outer one with the exception of a dusky patch 
near the end of the inner web; lower part of cheeks, chin, throat, centre of 
abdomen, thighs and the under tail-coverts white ; chest and sides of body 
pale rufous, Iris brown, billand feet black. Total length 5-5 inches, culmen 
0:55, wing 3:1, tail 2°8, tarsus 0°85. Gambaga, 2. 1. 99 (Northcott). 
Adult female. Differs in the duller and browner shade of the rufous of 
the back and the under wing-coverts havinga dusky grey patch next to the 
primaries; the tail is nearly uniform dark brown, with only a buff outer 
web to the exterior feather. Wing 3:1. Vassaka, ?, 18. 9. 82 (Emin). 
Immature. Differs from the last in the black of the head being confined 
to the ear-coverts, the front of forehead and region of the eyes being whitish ; 
upper parts ashy brown, with the rufous confined to the tail-coverts, mottled 
with buff and black barred feathers; no white on the quills; under parts 
