290 PHONEUS SENATOR 
Lanius auriculatus, P. L. 8. Miller, Natursys. Suppl. p. 71 (1776); 
Gadow. Cat. B. M. viii. p. 283 (1883) pt. ; Budgett, Ibis, 1901, p. 491 
Gambia ; Alexander, Ibis, 1902, p. 310 Gold Coast Colony. 
Phoneus auriculatus, Shelley, B. Afr. i. No. 705 (1896). 
Lanius rufus, Gmelin Syst. Nat. i. p. 301 (1788) Hurope. 
Lanius senegalensis, Gmelin Syst. Nat. i. p. 301 (1788) Senegal. 
Lanius rutilus, Latham, Ind. Orn. i. p. 70 (1790) Europe. 
Lanius rutilans, Temminck, Man. Orn. iy. p. 601 (1840). 
Lanius pomeranus, Sparrman, Mus. Carlson. fase. 1. No. 1, Taf. i. (1798) 
Pomerania ; Ogilvie-Grant, Nov. Zool. 1902, p. 464. 
Lanius pomeranus pomeranus, Schiebel, J. f. O. 1906, p. 195. 
Differs from Phoneus niloticus only in the pattern of the tail: the centre 
pair of feathers being entirely black, and in the next pair the black reaches 
almost to the base. Total length 6:6 inches, culmen 0:6, wing 3:7, tail 3-2, 
tarsus 0-9. Gambia (Whiteley). 
The Woodchat Shrike is found all round the basin of the 
Mediterranean ; it is most abundant in Spain and Italy, where 
it breeds commonly, and extends eastward to the Caucasus and 
Asia Minor. It passes through north Africa from Egypt to 
Morocco on migration, and winters in west Africa, from 
Senegambia to the Gold Coast Colony and northern Nigeria. 
In the British Museum there is an ample series from Spain, 
Italy, Turkey, Cyprus and Asia Minor, and other examples 
from Helouan in Egypt (April 15), Tripoli, Tunis (March 27), 
Algeria (April) and Morocco. ‘There are also several examples 
from the Gambia (Whiteley) ; two from Gambaga and Binduri 
(March 11 and February 20) in the interior of the Gold Coast 
Colony, and two from Gashaga (November 24), and Maifoni 
(February 4), in northern Nigeria, all collected by Alexander. 
Messrs. Shelley and Buckley found the Woodchat not un- 
common throughout the Gold Coast in February, and Budgett 
stated that it is fairly common along the Gambia river; he 
obtained two young examples in December and March. 
Alexander noted this species from the northern territories 
of the Gold Coast Colony, and writes as follows : “In a young 
