502 LANIARIUS LUEHDERI 
Adult—Crown and nape dark cinnamon, slightly paler on the forehead 
and sides of the crown; sides of the head and neck and most of the upper 
parts black ; wing, with a white longitudinal band formed by the broad ends 
of the median-coverts, a few of the greater coverts, and the outer margins of 
two of the secondaries; lower back slightly mottled with white, which is 
generally confined to the subterminal portion of the feathers, but sometimes 
forms also a distinct bar next to the uniform black upper tail-coverts ; under 
wing-coverts mostly white ; bend of wing, and under surface of quills black, 
the latter with whitish inner margins; head below the gape, throat and chest 
cinnamon-buff, fading into white on the remainder of the under parts. Iris 
dark hazel; bill black; feet slate-grey. Totallength 9-0 inches, culmen 0°85, 
wing 3:45, tail 3:5, tarsug 1-2. River Ja, g, 5. 2. 06 (Bates). A female is 
quite indistinguishable from the male except that the iris is stated by Dent 
to be crimson, wing 3-6 (Bates). 
Immature.—A very young bird, probably just out of the nest (River Ja, 
12.11.06, Bates), is finely barred with olive and dusky above except the tail, 
which is rufous brown ; below olive narrowly barred with slaty, and slightly 
washed on the breast with yellow. A slightly older bird (Zima country, 3, 
12.10.05, Bates) is olive brown above with an olive brown tail ; below rather 
bright olive yellow; the longitudinal wing band is yellowish and not so 
clearly marked as in the adult. A still older bird (Mt. Elgon, 9, 25. 2. 90, 
type of L. castaneiceps, Sharpe) still retains the brown tail, but shows 
traces of the oncoming chestnut crown and paler cinnamon breast. 
Liithder’s Bush Shrike ranges over West Africa, from 
Cameroon to Gaboon on the coast and inland to Uganda 
and the Nandi country of British Hast Africa. ‘ 
It was first collected by Liihder in the Camaroon Delta, and 
named after the discoverer by Reichenow ; a few months later 
it was redescribed under another name by Sharpe, to whom 
an example was sent by Mr. H. Ansell from Danger River 
in Gaboon. 
The young bird described by Reichenow from Camaroon 
as L. dubiosus cannot, in my opinion, be anything but this 
species. This is also the case with L. castaneiceps from 
Mt. Elgon, as is acknowledged by Sharpe. 
From the forest west of Tanganyika, and from Kwidschi, 
an island in Lake Kivu, this species has been obtained by 
Grauer, and from the Mpanga Forest near Fort Portal on the 
eastern slopes of Ruwenzori by Dent and Woosnam. 
