LANIARIUS FERRUGINEUS 303 
Bates, who has sent to the British Museum a good series 
of this bird, writes as follows on its habits: “One of the 
commonest birds in the thick, impenetrable growth of bushes, 
small trees and vines that cover old cleared land. It is the 
most home-keeping of birds, I have never seen it fly out of 
its thickets. The call and answer of the male and female 
are sounds continually in one’s ears when walking on the 
paths through such places, but the birds are not often 
seen.” 
The specimens examined in the British Museum are from 
the following localities: Camaroon—Efulen, River Ja, and 
Zima country (Bates); Danger or Muni River, in Gaboon, 
type of D. coronatus (Ansell) ; Uganda—Mpanga Forest near 
Fort Portal (Ruwenzori expedition), Mt. Elgon, type of 
L. castaneiceps and Nandi (Jackson). There is an example 
from Kibirau, in Toro, Uganda, in Mr. Jackson’s collection. 
Laniarius ferrugineus. 
Lanius ferrugineus, Gmel. Syst. Nat. i. p. 306 (1788) ex Latham, 
Cape of Good Hope. 
Laniarius ferrugineus, Shelley, B. Afr. i. No. 722 (1896). 
Dryoscopus ferrugineus, Scl. and Stark, Bds. S. Afr. ii. p. 27 (1901); 
Shortridge, Ibis, 1904, p. 182 Pondoland. 
Malaconotus rufiventris, Swains. Classif. ii. p. 220 (1837) ew Levaill. 
Laniarius rufiventris, Reichen. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 582 (1903); Sharpe, 
Handl. B. ix. p. 293 (1903) ; Oates and Reid, Cat. B. Eggs, B. M. iv. 
p. 292, pl. xiii. fig. 7 (1905). 
Dryoscopus rufiventris, C. Taylor, J. 8. Afr. Orn. Union, 1907, p. 19 
Ernelo; Haagner and Ivy, ibid. p. 89 Albany; W. L. Sclater, Ibis, 
1911, p. 287. 
Lanius cafer, Forst. Licht. Deser. Anim. p. 398 (1844). 
Laniarius boulboul (non-Lath.), Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 299 (1844). 
Laniarius bulbul, V. Miill. J. f. O. 1855, p. 453. 
Laniarius ethiopicus hybridus, Neum. J. f. O. 1899, p. 407 Transvaal to 
Zambesi. 
Laniarius rufiventris hybridus, Reichen. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 583 (1908). 
Laniarius hybridus, Sharpe, Handl. B. iv. p. 294 (1903). 
