428 CHLOROPHONEUS SULFUREOPECTUS 
yellow throughout with a wash of orange red on the breast. “Iris dark 
brown ; bill black ; feet grey.” Total length 7 inches, culmen 0:55, wing 3:5, 
tail 3-5, tarsus 0°95. Cape Coast, 3, 10. 6.00 (Alexander). 
Adult female. Juike the male but the black of the side of the head 
replaced by grey and with less orange on the breast. River Volta, ¢, 
5.4. 01 (Alexander), 
Immature. Differs in having no yellow or black on the head; sides of 
forehead, a mottling on sides of head, and the chin white. In younger birds 
the head and under parts are whitish with numerous dusky bars; base of 
lower mandible pale. 
Subspecies C. s. similis. The birds from South and Hast Africa only 
differ from the typical West African form in having the ear-coverts grey, or 
black fading into grey posteriorly. The other distinctions given by Neumann 
and Reichenow seem to be none of them constant, and to be dependent on 
age and sex. 
The Orange-breasted Bush-Shrike has a wide distribution 
all over Africa from Senegal, the Bahr el Ghazal Province 
of the Sudan and south Abyssinia south to Cape Colony. 
The habitat of the type of the original description of the 
species by Lesson is not given, but there are reasons to believe 
that it came from Senegal and it is to that province that it 
has been assigned by Neumann. The type of M. chrysogaster 
of Swainson undoubtedly came from the same place, Senegal, 
and I can see no reason for transferring his name to the south 
and east African subspecies as has been done by some authors. 
For the south and east African form Smith’s name similis 
is available and very suitable; the type locality is north of 
Kurrichane, which is somewhere on the banks of the Upper 
Limpopo in the north-west Transvaal. 
Neumann was the first author to divide the present species 
into subspecies. He recognized four races: (1) The typical 
west African form; (2) the south African form, C. s. similis ; 
(3) the east and north-east African form, C. s. suahelicus ; 
(4) the Angola form C. s. modestus. The last named appears 
to have been described from a young bird and was subsequently 
identified by Bocage with the typical form. A good series 
