es He” 
CINCLIDH, DIPPERS. SYLVIIDA, SYLVIAS.—GEN. 7, 8. 77 
ries of which the 1st is spurious, still shorter, square tail, almost hidden by the 
coverts, linear nostrils, slender bill, almost a little turned up (gonys convex, cul- 
men slightly concave), with no trace of rictal bristles. There is only one genus, 
with about a dozen species, all inhabiting clear mountain streams of most parts of 
the world, easily progressing wnder water; feed on 
aquatic animal substances; moderately vocal; our 
species builds a remarkable and elegant dome-like 
nest of moss, with a hole in one side. 
7. Genus CINCLUS Bechstein. 
Wes 
Water Ouzel. Dipper. Lead-colored, nearly — ¥16- 18-_ Dipper; natural size. 
uniform, but apt to be brownish on head; 7; wing 34; tail 24. Rocky 
Mountain region of N. A. Nurr., ii, 569; Aup., ii, 182, pl. 137; Bo., 
229); Coopr., 25. MER rec ncistm Geet ay wads dice cya. SUM RT OAN TS: 
Family SYLVIIDA. Sylvias. 
A large family, chiefly Old World, sparingly represented in the New. Primaries 
10, the 1st short or spurious, about half the 2d, which is shorter than the 6th; 
bill slender, about straight, shorter than the head, usually slightly notched and 
hooked at tip; rictus bristly; nostrils exposed, or slightly overhung, but never 
densely hidden: part have booted tarsi, and these are difficult to distinguish 
technically from Turdine and Sawicolide, but here size is a good criterion, none 
of our Sylviide being over five inches long; the rest, with scutellate tarsi, are of 
course distinguishable on sight from the last mentioned families; from the 
Certhiide, by not having stiff acuminate tail-feathers; from the Paride and 
Sittide by not haying densely feathered nostrils; from the Troglodytide, by the 
less cohesion of the toes at base; and from all the Sylvicolidee by haying more 
than nine primaries. Three subfamilies occur in North America; one of them, 
Polioptiline, peculiar to this country, used to be associated with the Paride, with 
which, howeyer, it has no special affinity ; another, Reguline, is simply warblers 
with booted tarsi; a third, Sylviinee, with its several not well defined groups, con- 
stitutes an immense assemblage of upwards of five hundred recorded species, 
among them the famous nightingale of Europe. 
Subfamily SYLVIINA. Typical Old World Warblers. 
Represented in North America by a single waif from Asia. 
8. Genus PHYLLOPNEUSTE Meyer. 
Kennicott’s Sylvia. Olive-green; below yellowish and white; super- 
ciliary line yellow; wings and tail dusky, olive-edged ; wing coverts yellow- 
ish-tipped. 43; wing 25; tail 2. Alaska (Dall). Bp., Trans. Chicago 
Medd, 18695oL3, pl. 30. f 2. 25. Ae caine pe . BOREALIS. 
Subfamily REGULIN 4. Kinglets. 
Tarsus booted; wings longer than the emarginate tail. Elegant greenish-olive 
pigmies, with brilliant colors on the head when adult. ‘There are about ten species 
of the following genus, inhabiting Europe, Asia and America; two of them are 
