a 
LANIIDH, SHRIKES.—GEN. 54. 25 
and the young differ but little. There are only two well determined American 
species, of nine that compose the genus. 
54. Genus COLLURIO Vigors. 
Great Northern Shrike, or Butcherbird. Clear bluish-ash blanching on 
the rump and scapulars, below white always vermiculated with fine wavy 
blackish lines; a black bar along side of head not meeting its fellow across 
forehead, interrupted by a white crescent on under eyelid, and bordered 
above by hoary white that also occu- 
pies the extreme forehead; wings 
and tail black, the former with a 
large spot near base of the prima- 
ries, and the tips of most of the 
quills, white, the latter with nearly 
all the feathers broadly tipped with 
white, and with concealed white i 
bases; bill and feet black; 9-10 ek Gece pee 
long; wing 44; tail rather more. The young is similar, but none of the 
colors are so pure or so intense; the entire plumage has a brownish suffu- 
sion, and the bill is flesh colored at base. North America, northerly ; 
breeds, however, in mountainous parts of the United States (Alleghanies, 
Turnbull) ; in winter, usually extends southward about to 35° (Coues). 
Wits., i, 74, pl. 5, f. 1; Nurr., i, 258; Aup., iv, 130, pl. 236; Bp., 324, 
imate Chae SR MEN aslerc, “oo 36 yeulist, v9 BOREALIS. 
Loggerhead Shrike. Slate-colored, slightly whitish on the rump and 
scapulars, below white, with a few obscure wavy black lines, or none; black 
bar on side of head meeting its fellow across the forehead, noé interrupted 
by white on under eyelid, and scarcely or not bordered above by hoary white ; 
otherwise like borealis in color, but smaller; 8-84; wing about 4; tail rather 
more. Young birds differ much as described under borealis, and are decid- 
edly waved below as in that species ; but the other characters readily distin- 
guish them. South Atlantic States. Wuus., iii, 57, pl. 22, f.5; Nurr., 
i, 561; Aup., iv, 135, pl. 237; Bp., 825, and Rev. 443. . LUDOVICIANUS. 
Var. excupiroroipEs. White-rwmped Shrike. With the size, and the essential 
characters of the head-stripe, of Judovicianus, and the under parts, as in that 
species not, or not obviously, waved, but with the clear light ash upper parts, and 
hoary whitish superciliary line, scapulars and rump of borealis. Middle and West- 
ern N. Am.; N. to the Saskatchewan, E. to Illinois, S. into Mexico. Bop., 327, 
328, and Rey., 344, 345; Coop., 138. 
Oss. Extreme examples of ludovicianus and eacubitoroides look very different, 
but they are observed to melt into each other when many specimens are compared, 
so that no specific character can be assigned. ‘To this species I must also refer the 
C. elegans of Baird, considering that the single specimen upon which it was based, 
represents an individual peculiarity in the size of the bill. This specimen is sup- 
posed to be from California, but some of Dr. Gambel’s to which the same locality is 
assigned, were certainly procured elsewhere, and it may not be a North American 
