128 FRINGILLIDEZ, FINCHES, ETC.—GEN. 57, 58. 
57. Genus PYRRHULA Auctorum. 
Cassin’s Bullfinch. § above clear ashy gray, below cinnamon gray, 
rump and under wing and tail coverts white ; wings and tail, crown, chin and 
face black; outer tail feathers with a white patch, greater wing coverts 
tipped and primaries edged with whitish : bill black, feet dusky ; ¢ unknown. 
Length 6$; wing 34; tail 34. Nulato, Alaska (Dall), only one specimen 
known, originally described as a va- 
riety of P. coccinea of Europe, but 
later determined to be distinct. Bp., 
Trans. Chicago Acad. 1869, 316, pl. 
29, f. 1; Newton, Ibis, 1870, 251; 
Tristram, Ibis, 1871, 231. cassInit. 
58. Genus CARPODACUS Kaup. 
* Adult ¢ with the red diffuse, belly 
unstreaked, and edging of wings reddish. 
Purple Finch.  @ crimson, rosy, 
or purplish-red, most intense on the 
crown, fading to white on the belly, mixed with dusky streaks on the back ; 
wings and tail dusky, with reddish edgings, and the wing coverts tipped with 
the same; lores and feathers all around base of bill hoary. 9 and 
young with no red—olivaceous-brown, brighter on the rump, the feathers 
above all with paler edges, producing a streaked appearance; below white, 
thickly spotted and streaked with olive-brown, except on middle of belly and 
under tail coverts; obscure whitish superciliary and maxillary lines. 
Young males show every gradation between these extremes, in gradually 
assuming the red plumage, and are frequently brownish-yellow or bronzy 
below. 53-64; wing 3-34; tail 24-24, forked; tarsus §; middle toe and claw 
%; bill under 3, turgid, with a little ruff of antrorse 
feathers. Not crested, but the coronal feathers erec- 
tile. The foregoing description should prevent con- 
founding young birds with any of the streaked and 
spotted sparrows. United States from Atlantic to 
Pacitic, and somewhat northward in summer; an 
abundant species, particularly in spring and fall, in 
woods and orchards, generally found in flocks except when breeding; feeds 
on seeds, buds and blossoms; a delightful songster. Wus., i, 119, pl. 7, 
f. 4; Aup., iii, 170, pl. 196; Bp., 412; also, C. californicus Bp., 413, 
Coopr., 154, which I cannot distinguish at all. oy 0 boas: PURPUREGSS 
Cassin’s Purple Finch. Similar; the red paler, more streaked with 
dusky on the upper parts, crown rich crimson in marked contrast; larger; 
64-7; wing 34; tail 22; bill about $, comparatively less turgid; tarsus 3. 
Southern Rocky Mountain Region. Bp., 414; Cours, Pr. Acad. Nat. Sci. 
Phila. 1766, 45> Coors, a ase ie ae Geen 6s =o be en ee ne OARS UNITE 
Fic. 74, Cassin’s Bullfinch. 
Fic. 75. Bill of Purple Finch. 
