144 FRINGILLIDH, FINCHES, ETC.—GEN. 74. 
the tail (fully 3), which greatly exceeds the wings (24); the young lack 
the black on the face, and have the crown washed with ashy-brown, and the 
bill dusky above ; but may be known by the length of the tail. Mexico, 
north to Colorado Valley; Cape St. Lucas. (JS. atri- 
mentalis Couch. S. cana Bo. 8S. evura Cours, Ibis, 
1865, 118, 164.) Bp., 476; Couns, Proc. Phila. 
Acad., 1866, 87; Coop., 210. . . . ATRIGULARIS. 
74. Genus ZONOTRICHIA Swainson. 
Fic. 87.. Black-chinned *,* Embracing our largest and handsomest sparrows, 
Ba 63 to 74 inches long, the rounded wings and tail each 3 or 
more; the under parts with very few streaks, or none, the middle of the back 
streaked, the rump plain, the wings with two white cross-bars, and the head of the 
adults with black. 
White-throated Sparrow. Peabody-bird. Adult 3 with the crown black, 
divided by a median white stripe, bounded by a white superciliary line and 
yellow spot from nostrils to eye; below this a black stripe through the eye; 
below this a maxillary black stripe bounding the definitely pure white throat, 
sharply contrasted with the dark ash of the breast and sides of the neck and 
head. Hdge of wing yellow. Back continu- 
ously streaked with black, chestnut and fulvous- 
white; rump ashy, unmarked. Wings much 
edged with bay, the white tips of the median 
and greater coverts forming two conspicuous 
bars ; quills and tail feathers dusky, with pale 
\ edges. Below, white, shaded with ashy-brown 
on sides, the ash deeper and purer on the 
breast ; bill dark, feet pale. 9 , and immature 
birds, with the black of the head replaced 
by brown, the white of the throat less conspicuously contrasted with 
the duller ash of surrounding parts, and frequently with obscure dusky 
streaks on the breast and sides; but the species may always be known by 
the yellow over the eye and on the edge of the wing (these never being 
imperceptible), coupled with the large size and the general characters above 
| given. A fine sparrow, abundant throughout Eastern North America in all 
. situations, generally in flocks, except when breeding; a pleasing if not 
brilliant songster. Wuus., iii, 51, pl. 22, f. 2; Nurr., 1,481; Aup.. i, 
153, pl. 191; Bp., 463. SN eae ae an ALBICOLLIS. 
White-crowned Sparrow. Adults of both sexes with the crown pure 
white, enclosing on either side a broad black stripe that meets its fellow 
on the forehead and descends the lores to the level of the eyes, and bounded 
by another narrow black stripe that starts behind the eye and curves around 
the side of the hind head, nearly meeting its fellow on the nape; edge of ~~ 
under eyelid white. Or, we may say, crown black, enclosing a median 
white stripe and two lateral white stripes, all confluent on the hind head. 
Fic. 88. White-throated Sparrow. 
